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Geothermal Earth’s Energy Solution

Geothermal Earth’s Energy Solution. Craig A. Watts PE, LEED AP. Principal at MKK Consulting Engineers Consulting for 20 years Numerous Geothermal projects Multiple LEED Certified Projects. Geo 101. While the Earth travels through Space…. Geo 101. …it absorbs Energy from the Sun. Geo 101.

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Geothermal Earth’s Energy Solution

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  1. GeothermalEarth’s Energy Solution

  2. Craig A. Watts PE, LEED AP Principal at MKK Consulting Engineers Consulting for 20 years Numerous Geothermal projects Multiple LEED Certified Projects

  3. Geo 101 While the Earth travels through Space…..

  4. Geo 101 …it absorbs Energy from the Sun

  5. Geo 101 This natural Energy Collection and Storage System captures nearly half of the Solar Energy falling on Earth… …thus maintaining a nearly Constant Temperature throughout the year just below the surface

  6. Geo 101 • Earth Energy ….It’s not New • Earth Energy System was Patented in 1912 in Switzerland • Residential System installed in Canada in 1950

  7. Geo 101 Heat Pumps Systems are Reliable Mr. Bill Loosley installed geothermal system in his home in Burlington, ON in 1950

  8. Geo 101 Compressor was initially powered by hand crank diesel motor… changed to electric motor (still being used!!) in 1953 when his wife couldn’t start it Heat Pump Systems are Reliable

  9. Geo 101 Geothermal Heat Pump Systems combine Sun, Earth and Water using proven technology… … to create “the most energy-efficient, environmentally clean, and cost-effective space-conditioning system” (according to U.S. EPA 1993)

  10. Geo 101 Geothermal Heat Pump Basis Principals

  11. Geothermal Heat Pump Efficiency One unit of energy from the grid Yields: 4-6 units of energy for the building Plus: 3-5 units of energy from the earth 400-600% Efficient

  12. Geothermal Heat Pump Installation Methods

  13. Vertical Closed-Loop A pair of pipes with a special U-bend assembly at the bottom is placed into bore holes from 150 to 400 feet deep

  14. Horizontal Closed-Loop A piping array is installed in trenches cut 3 to 5 feet deep and hundreds of feet in length

  15. Surface Water Closed-Loop A piping array is submerged in a pond or lake at least 8 feet deep Ground Water Open-Loop Well water from an underground aquifer is pumped through the geothermal heat pump and then returned to the aquifer or discharged to the surface

  16. GSHP Systems • GeoExchange systems can go in anywhere, but…. • The design team must understand the building requirements • Assess the site before advancing to the design stage • Utilize existing site resources to enhance the system and reduce installation costs • Be aware of regional geology and contractor assets/capabilities

  17. What kind of applications can utilize a GSHP system?

  18. Recreation Facilities Port Hawkesbury Civic Centre, Port Hawkesbury, NS 265 tons Horizontal loop East Bayfield Recreation Centre, Barrie, ON 480 tons Vertical loop

  19. Commercial Office Buildings Mission Centre Offices Kelowna, BC 120 tons, vertical loop Smith Carter Architects Winnipeg, MB 40 tons, open well loop The Heart Doctors Rapid City SD 48 tons, vertical loop

  20. Commercial Office Buildings Manitoba Hydro Office Building Winnipeg, MB 800 tons Vertical GHX (under building) Courtesy of Practical GeoExchange Solutions

  21. Churches The new building of 6,340 sq. ft. (589 m2). Warm water for a radiant floor heat system is supplied by a water-water heat pump. Chilled water is supplied to fan coil to provide cooling. Thermal ice storage integrated with a 12-ton geothermal system provides 26 tons of cooling

  22. Retail Stores South East Farm Equipment dealership is a 40,000 square foot building with repair garage. Open well system provides heating and cooling.

  23. Museums Canadian Museum of Civilization, Ottawa, ON 3,200 tons Open surface water loop Grey County Museum Owen Sound, ON 120 tons, Horizontal loop Canadian War Museum Ottawa, ON

  24. Medical Facilities Great River Medical Center, Burlington IA 1,500 tons Pond & vertical loop Courtesy of Practical GeoExchange Solutions

  25. Schools Robert Stockton College Pomona, NJ 1,740 tons Vertical loop, 22 buildings Courtesy of Practical GeoExchange Solutions

  26. Manufacturing Chaco Manufacturing Product: Sport footwear 22,500 sf facility (in process of expanding) Paonia, CO 40 tons Vertical loop, 32 bores x 250’ Terry Proffer Designed by Terry Proffer

  27. Convenience Stores, Restaurants Conoco / Wendy’s, Frisco, CO 40 tons water to water & water to air provides space conditioning, domestic hot water, snowmelt and radiant floor heating Heat recovery to GHX from store refrigeration 54 x 400’ vertical bores Dual bay car wash 60 tons water to water heat pump Snowmelt at vehicle entry and exit Auxiliary gas boiler for snowmelt to account for unknown durations Designed by Major Geothermal Installed by Major Heating

  28. Life Cycle Cost Analysis • What is the typical payback for a geothermal system?

  29. Life Cycle Cost Analysis What is the typical payback for a geothermal system? There isn’t one!!

  30. Life Cycle Cost Analysis What the &#** !!!

  31. Life Cycle Cost Analysis The reason why, is there are so many variations of geothermal systems.

  32. Life Cycle Cost Analysis What you will need to know to do a comparison ?

  33. Life Cycle Cost Analysis First Cost

  34. Life Cycle Cost Analysis First Cost Operational Cost

  35. Life Cycle Cost Analysis First Cost Operational Cost Maintenance Cost

  36. Life Cycle Cost Analysis First Cost Operational Cost Maintenance Cost Energy Cost

  37. Life Cycle Cost Analysis First Cost Operational Cost Maintenance Cost Energy Cost Replacement Cost

  38. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Example Study done in 2006 Typical Office Building: Comparing these systems RTU w/ Gas heat & DX cooling Air-source Heat Pumps Geothermal Heat Pumps

  39. Life Cycle Cost Analysis

  40. Life Cycle Cost Analysis In terms of simple annual cash flows, the Geothermal HP system has a simple payback of 6.6 years and 4.1 years with respect to the RTU and Air-Source HP systems. Neglecting the annual maintenance cost and only considering the energy savings, the simple payback is 10.5 years and 7.0 years with respect to the RTU and Air-Source HP systems.

  41. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Another benefit: The use of the Geothermal HP system can reduce the annual greenhouse gas emissions by 15 tons of CO2equivalent over RTU’s w/ gas heat and 33 tons of CO2 equivalent over the use of air source heat pumps

  42. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Simple payback: The difference in first cost divided by the energy savings per year equals the number of years to recover the initial investment. First cost difference = $100,000 Annual energy savings = $12,000 Simple payback = $100,000 / $12,000 = 8.33 years

  43. Geothermal Heat Pump Advantages

  44. Proven Technology • Millions of units installed world-wide in commercial • and residential applications • Most Energy-Efficient and Environmentally Friendly HVAC System Widely Available • Water is a better heat transfer medium than air • Heat exchange loops tap the renewable energy of the Earth

  45. No Fossil Fuel • Improves safety • Eliminates service lines, flues, outside air intakes • No site emissions • No Outdoor Units • Better aesthetics • No noise • No vandalism or theft concerns • Long Equipment Life • Factory sealed systems • Indoor installation – no exposure to the elements • Moderate compressor loading vs. air-source systems • Self Contained Compact Units • Easy to install within the building • Upflow, horizontal, or downflow single-package units • Split system and water-to-water units available

  46. Geothermal Heat Pumps are one of the Most Effective and Deployable and… … produce the lowest carbon dioxide emissions, including all source effects, of all available space-conditioning technologies(EPA, 1993)

  47. Using a Single Geothermal Heat Pump is Equivalent to Planting an Acre of Trees

  48. Using A Single Geothermal Heat Pump Is Equivalent to Taking Two Cars off the Road

  49. Case Study • The Sanctuary Club House and Condominiums

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