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Permaculture Workshop. FEI Capita Selecta - Wageningen University - 22-07-2015. Illustration by Cecilia Macaulay. Fiona Morris - Atelier Rabbit. fiona.morris@atelierrabbit.com. www.atelierrabbit.com. Overview:. What is Permaculture?. Design method summary. Zoning exercise.
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Permaculture Workshop FEI Capita Selecta - Wageningen University - 22-07-2015 Illustration by Cecilia Macaulay Fiona Morris - Atelier Rabbit fiona.morris@atelierrabbit.com www.atelierrabbit.com
Overview: What is Permaculture? Design method summary Zoning exercise
Definitions: • ...the conscious design and management of agriculturally productive ecosystems which have the diversity, stability, and resilience of natural ecosystems. • ...the harmonious integration of landscape and people providing their food, energy, shelter, and other material and non-material needs in a sustainable way. (Bill Mollison, 1988)
Philosophy: • working with, rather than against, nature; • observation before action; • looking at systems in all their functions, rather than asking only one yield of them; • allowing systems to demonstrate their own evolutions (working with sucession) – self-organisation & ecomimicry concepts.
Concept first published, 1978, Australia‘Permaculture 1: A perennial agricultural system for human settlements’
...could inspire people to take responsibility through designing productive ecosystems with integral conservation, land repair, and social sustainability
Permaculture design application: Spread from self-sufficiency agriculture to: • Horticulture • Architecture • Ecology • Economic systems • Land access strategies • Development
‘Permablitzing’... ...to painting... (Melbourne, Australia - www.permablitz.net) (City Repair, USA)
≈ 2015 The Last Oil Shock by David Strahan (2007)
IMF FOOD PRICE INDEX € IMF OIL PRICE INDEX
Alternatives to industrial mono-cropping for the challenge of diminishing resources and biodiversity… BBC Documentary (2009) – www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJMgfKqKXwY
Landscape restoration, community, education, & economy… Julius Piti, CELUK project Chikukwa, Zimbabwe
The stream dried-up, and the land was eroding... • Help from a permaculture centre stimulated: • return of water flow • land recovery • improved productivity • peer-to-peer learning • an organic, community-based NGO • http://permaculturenews.org/2013/08/15/the-chikukwa-permaculture-project-zimbabwe-the-full-story/ • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTMWsjG0N-0
ETHICS EARTH CARE: Care of all living & non-living things – harmless, ethical, & rehabilitative activities. Provision for all life systems to continue and increase. PEOPLE CARE: Provision for people’s basic material and social needs to avoid broadscale destructive practices. Promoting self-reliance & community responsibility. FAIR SHARES: Contribution of surplus time, money, & energy to achieve the aims of earth & people care. Setting limits to population and consumption: by governing our own needs, we can set time and resources aside to further the above principles. (Mollison & Holmgren,1978)
PRINCIPLES Ecological, attitudinal & spatial design principles such as: Create a yield Important functions are supported by many components Let nature do the work Diversity (for stability) All elements are multi-functional
Interactive components in synergistic, interconnective organisation SYSTEMS THINKING ETHICS PRINCIPLES
AGRO- ECOLOGY TECHNIQUES Animal management Pest management Crop management Weed management Water management Cycling of energy/materials Techniques are site & issue dependent – there are no universal templates Soil management Permaculture Approach
SYSTEMS THINKING SECTOR ANALYSIS ZONING ETHICS PRINCIPLES Systematic assessment of abiotic and biotic influences on the space
ZONING = Energy planning
...to mushrooms. The relationship between accessibility and intensity of use of space (input-output). ZONE 0House/village/centre of human activity ZONE 1 (home garden)6-12m periphery. Frequent use/ high maintenance/ constant observation. ZONE 2 (home orchard)Less intensive - animals/perennials/orchard/ structures. ZONE 3 (farm-scale)Broad-scale farming – crops/ water-storage/ managed woodland. ZONE 4 (managed woodland)Wild forage/ fuel - pasture/ range/ water-storage. ZONE 5 (wilderness)Natural/ unmanaged – where you learn the rules to apply elsewhere.
...to mushrooms. The relationship between accessibility and intensity of use of space (input-output). ZONE 0House/village/centre of human activity ZONE 1 (home garden)6-12m periphery. Frequent use/ high maintenance/ constant observation. ZONE 2 (home orchard)Less intensive - animals/perennials/orchard/ structures. ZONE 3 (farm-scale)Broad-scale farming – crops/ water-storage/ managed woodland. ZONE 4 (managed woodland)Wild forage/ fuel - pasture/ range/ water-storage. ZONE 5 (wilderness)Natural/ unmanaged – where you learn the rules to apply elsewhere.
A few resources: • Introduction to Permaculture, Mollison & Slay • Permaculture: A Designers' Manual, Bill Mollison (WUR library) • Farm for the Future - BBC Documentary (2009) www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJMgfKqKXwY Fordhall Farm - Grass pasture system: www.fordhallfarm.com/fordhall_farm.php?pid=9 Martin Crawford - Agro-forestry Research Trust: www.agroforestry.co.uk • (EN) UK Permaculture Association:www.permaculture.org.uk/ • (NL) Permacultuur Nederland:www.permaculture.org.uk/ • Plants for a Future - database: www.pfaf.org