Learning Goals: Explain how the issue of slavery led to political divisions.

1. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS Learning Goals: • Explain how the issue of slavery led to political divisions. • Identify the events that brought the nation to the breaking point. politics: The art or science of government or governing (ruling or control over), especially the governing of a political entity, such as a nation, and the administration and control of its internal and external events.

2. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS Journal Question Explanation: Uncle Tom's Cabin is an antislavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the United States, so much so that in the latter case the novel intensified the sectional conflict leading to the American Civil War.

3. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS Journal Question: Create an advertisement for Uncle Tom’s Cabin. • Identify the audience and create a message that would appeal to this audience. You can create quotes from book reviews. • Suggest the author’s position on slavery.

4. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS Journal Question: You are an enslaved person headed for the Underground Railroad.  You can only choose one special item to bring with you on your escape. On a sheet of paper draw the thing that you chose and write one paragraph explaining why you chose that item.

5. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS Quotations from Frederick Douglass: • “If there is no struggle, there is no progress. Those who profess (claim) to favor freedom and yet depreciate (devalue) agitation, are men who want crops without plowing up the ground, they want rain without thunder and lightning. They want the ocean without the awful roar of its many waters….” 2. “I prefer to be true to myself, even at the hazard of incurring the ridicule of others, rather than to be false, and to incur my own abhorrence (hatred).” 3. “The white man's happiness cannot be purchased by the black man's misery.”  4.  “People might not get all they work for in this world, but they must certainly work for all they get.” 

6. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS Quotations from Sojourner Truth: 5. “Truth is more powerful, and it prevails.” 6. “If women want rights more than they got, why don't they just take them, and not be talking about it.” 7. “Let ... individuals make the most of what God has given them, have their neighbors do the same, and then do all they can to serve each other. There is no use in one man, or one nation, to try to do or be everything. It is a good thing to be dependent on each other for something, it makes us civil and peaceable.”

7. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS Journal Question: Frederick Douglass and Sojourner Truth were considered two of the best abolitionist speakers. What makes their quotations so powerful? Choose one quote, explain what it means, and put it in your own words.

8. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS John C. Fremont ran for president in 1856 for the Republican Party. 1. The desire to stop the spread of slavery and the Kansas- Nebraska Act were the foundations of the Republican Party. Famous Republicans that opposed slavery.

9. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS 2. Two reasons why James Buchanan became president in 1856 are that he said very little about slavery and he won the Upper South and border states.

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11. Think-Pair- Share Look over the definition of the word politics. Put the definition in your words. When have you had to make decisions about the way your own life is run? Think about your answer and then turn to a neighbor and share your thoughts. We will share as a group. PLANTATIONS AND SLAVERY

12. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS 3. The Supreme Court decided in the Dred Scott case that Congress lacked the power to limit slavery. The court protected and even expanded slavery. Consequences included: Slaves were property, not citizens; Not citizens even if freed; Had no rights; Could not file lawsuits. The fire represents the divide between the North and South.

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14. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS 4. Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas agreed that slavery should not be expanded into the territories. Lincoln’s log cabin.

15. Think-Pair- Share How can people use speech to communicate and explore problems? Give an example of when you have had to do this. Think about your answer and then turn to a neighbor and share your thoughts. We will share as a group. PLANTATIONS AND SLAVERY

16. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS 5. "We are told by Lincoln that he is utterly opposed to the Dred Scott decision, and will not submit to it, for the reason that he says it deprives the Negro of the rights and privileges of citizenship. I ask you, are you in favor of conferring upon the Negro the rights and privileges of citizenship? Do you desire to strike out of our State Constitution that clause which keeps slaves and free Negroes out of the State, and allow the free Negroes to flow in... and cover your prairies with black settlements? Do you desire to turn this beautiful State into a free Negro colony, in order that when Missouri abolishes slavery she can send one hundred thousand emancipated slaves into Illinois, to become citizens and voters, on an equality with yourselves?"–Stephen Douglas, in a debate with Abraham Lincoln, August 21, 1858 Douglas urged Illinois citizens not to vote for Lincoln with the idea that Lincoln would allow African Americans to become full citizens.

17. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS 6. Despite losing the election to Stephen A. Douglas, Lincoln became a national figure and strengthened his position in the Republican Party. Two people debating.

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19. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS 7. Abraham Lincoln, during the Lincoln- Douglas Debates at the state convention in Springfield stated, “A house divided against itself cannot stand.” Lincoln believed the United States would not survive if half of the country was free and half was slave.

20. Think-Pair- Share controversial- A dispute or debate marked by opposing views. How can a person effectively defend both sides of a controversial topic? Think about your answer and then turn to a neighbor and share your thoughts. We will share as a group. PLANTATIONS AND SLAVERY

21. SLAVERY DOMINATES POLITICS 8. One way John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry increased tensions between the North and South is that Brown wanted to provoke a slave uprising and planned to capture the weapons in the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry. John Brown receives guns and money, Kansas, 1856.

22. CLOSURE ACTIVITY Chose one of the ideas discussed in the notes or something else from the slideshow and explain the relevancy of the idea to your life or how you might use it in your life.