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Bio 1108 Lab

Bio 1108 Lab. Urinary System . List of Structures. Pyramid and Nephron Model. Kidney Model (M) and Torso (T): Kidney (M, T) Renal Artery (M, T) Renal Vein (M, T) Arcuate Blood Vessels (M) Renal cortex (M) Renal medulla (M) Renal pyramids (M) Renal papillae (M) Calyces (M)

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Bio 1108 Lab

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  1. Bio 1108 Lab Urinary System

  2. List of Structures Pyramid and Nephron Model Kidney Model (M) and Torso (T): Kidney (M, T) Renal Artery (M, T) Renal Vein (M, T) Arcuate Blood Vessels (M) Renal cortex (M) Renal medulla (M) Renal pyramids (M) Renal papillae (M) Calyces (M) Renal pelvis (M) Ureter (M,T) Urinary bladder (T) Urethra (T) Arcuate Blood Vessels Bowman’s (Glomerular) Capsule Glomerulus Proximal Convoluted Tubule Afferent and Efferent Arterioles Loop of Henle Distal Convoluted Tubule Collecting Duct Kidney Slide • Fetal Pig • Kidney • Ureter • Urinary Bladder • Urethra, Male • Urethra, Female Glomeruli Tubules

  3. Part 1 Gross Structures 12th Rib is the last rib which is attached to the vertebral column. It is a floating rib due to the single attachment.

  4. Renal arteries deliver blood to the kidneys. Renal veins drain the kidneys. The Ureters deliver urine to the urinary bladder. The urinarybladder empties the urine through the urethra. Part 1 Gross Structures

  5. Part 1 Gross Structures Kidney Renal Artery Renal Vein Ureter Urinary Bladder Urethra, male Small dot

  6. Part 1 Gross Structures BLADDER KIDNEY URETER

  7. Part 1 Gross Structures RECTUM KIDNEY URETER

  8. Part 1 Gross Structures bladder ovary vagina Urogenital sinus Uterine horns URETHRA Female Reproductive Organs

  9. Part 1 Gross Structures BLADDER URETHRA PENIS TESTES

  10. Part 1 Gross Structures BLADDER, Reflected cranially URETHRA, fetal pig and dark dot on model PENIS, fetal pig and coronal section on model TESTES, on fetal pig only

  11. Part 2 Gross Structures Urine Flow: Urine flows from the Calyces to the Renal Pelvisto the Ureter to the Urinary Bladder then through the Urethra to outside the body. Filtrate Flow: Filtrate is produced by the nephron(unit of the kidney). Filtrate contains water, ions, glucose, & amino acids. Temporary presence. Renal Cortex to Renal Medulla to Calyces In the Calyces, Filtrate is renamed urine.

  12. Part 2 Gross Structures Filtrate flow: Renal Cortex to Renal Medulla to Calyces) Arcuate Blood Vessels Calyces Renal Cortex Renal Medulla Renal Papillae Renal Artery Renal Vein Renal cortex Arcuate artery and vein separate Renal Cortex from Renal Medulla Renal medulla Renal pyramid Renal papillae (end of renal pyramid & renal medulla)

  13. Part 2 Gross Structures Urine flow: Calyce to Renal Pelvis to Ureter Renal Pelvis Renal Artery Renal Vein Renal cortex Arcuate artery and vein Renal medulla Renal pyramid Renal papillae Calyces (has urine) Renal pelvis (has urine) Ureter (has urine) Calyce ureter

  14. Renal Cortex contains the Glomerulus Capusules that contains the Glomerulus . The Glomerulus can be found on a model and the microscope slide material. Tubules are also present. Renal Medulla contains tubules that convey filtrate to the Collecting Duct. The Collecting Duct empties into the Calyces which empty into the Renal Pelvis. The Glomerulus and tubules form the Nephron.

  15. Part 2 Gross Structures: Renal Pyramid & Nephron Model CL DCT PCT CT PCT PCT LH DCT LH CT The Nephron is found in both the Renal Cortex and Renal Medulla The Flow of the Filtrate: The Filtrate is created when blood passes through the Glomerulus. The blood pressure forces water containing ions and small molecules to enter the capsule of the nephron. The capsule lumen (CL) is continuous with a sequence of tubules. Filtrate flows from CL to PCT to LH to DCT to CT.

  16. Filtration occurs at the Glomerulus 90 two-liter bottles of water /day =180 L 1% Filtrate passes out of the Collecting Duct as Urine. Filtrate 99% of the Filtrate is returned to the venous system Reabsorb 99% of the Filtrate Tubules

  17. DCT Afferent Arteriole Efferent Arteriole Glomerular Capillaries PCT Glomerular Capsule

  18. 1. Filtration: Production of Filtrate 2. Reabsorption: Reabsorb 99% of the Filtrate 3. Secretion: of ions and chemicals

  19. Ammonia is Toxic Urea is not Toxic Urea is formed when amino acids are broken down

  20. Urinary Bladder Voluntary control Involuntary control

  21. Urinary Bladder fills and then empties when you feel the “Urge to Purge”. At 200ml

  22. You are expected to void about 2 liters (<1%) per day. T= ICF+ ECF = 25+15= 40L ECF = IF + P=12 + 3= 15L Between the cells In the cells In the blood Urine output is monitored for a patient via a catheter and bag.

  23. At the level of the tissue, multiple systems deliver and remove substances.

  24. Maintaining Homeostasis

  25. Water decreases Control of Blood Homeostasis Brain Receptors Detect change Control Center Effectors

  26. The Role of the Kidney is maintaining the homeostasis of Blood Pressure & Volume Blood Pressure & Volume Drops 1. The Brain creates ADH (a hormone) and secretes it via the Posterior Pituitary . 2. ADH affects the Kidney. 3. Kidney reabsorbs more water. 4. Blood Volume increases. Blood Pressure & Volume Drops 1. Kidney releases RENIN (a hormone). 2. Blood Pressure Increases and Blood Volume increases. AntiDiuretic Hormone= ADH

  27. Maintaining Blood pH Homeostasis less bicarbonate ions Bicarbonate ion is reabsorbed which decreases the number of H+ so that blood is more basic. Less H+ 7. 45 -Blood- pH 7.35 More H+ Bicarbonate ion is excreted which increases the number of H+ so that blood is more acidic. More bicarbonate ions H+ in urine reduces the pH so that urine is more acidic. A more acidic urine reduces the frequency of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)

  28. Microscopy of the Kidney tubules glomerulus

  29. Understand the Flow • What is the Flow of Filtrate in the Kidney? • What is the Flow of Urine? • What is the Flow of Blood in the Kidney?

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