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Living with the Nearshore: Integrating Human Uses and Habitat in Coastal Environments

This presentation by Peter Hummel, ASLA, explores the nearshore ecosystem and its essential roles in coastal landscapes. It covers the interplay between human activities and ecological necessities, highlighting examples of nearshore projects. Key topics include sediment supply, habitat modifications, and the needs of juvenile salmonids. The discussion emphasizes the importance of blending restoration and enhancement strategies to maintain ecological functions while accommodating human uses. Questions and insights will foster discussion about future nearshore management practices.

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Living with the Nearshore: Integrating Human Uses and Habitat in Coastal Environments

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  1. Living with the Nearshore: Beaches, Seawalls and What lies in Between Presented to University of Washington Department of Landscape Architecture Prepared by Peter Hummel, ASLA, Anchor Environmental May 13, 2005

  2. Presentation Overview • Understanding the Nearshore • Blending Human Uses with Habitat • Nearshore Project Examples • Summary-Key Questions • Questions and Discussion

  3. Understanding the Nearshore • What is the Nearshore • Nearshore Physical Processes • Ecological Functions of the Nearshore • Location in the Landscape • Habitat Modifications and Effects

  4. Understanding the Nearshore Source: King County Department of Natural Resources

  5. Nearshore Physical Processes Source: http://meted.ucar.edu/marine/ripcurrents/NSF/print.htm

  6. Understanding Waves Source: http://meted.ucar.edu/marine/ripcurrents/NSF/print.htm

  7. Sediment Supply • Drift cell based • Sediment supply potential • none ● high • low ● exceptional • moderate • Sediment supply connectivity • none ● moderate • low ● high

  8. SedimentSupplyAnalysis

  9. Essential Functions of Nearshorefor Juvenile Salmon • Food Production • Predator Refuge • Physiological Refuge • High-energy Refuge • Migratory Corridor

  10. Notes:* This attribute only applied for shoreline segments identified as having exceptional or high sediment supply potential Yellow text Habitat parameters that receive a weighting factor

  11. Landscape Position: South Sound

  12. LandscapePosition: Seattle

  13. Nearshore Habitat Modifications & Effects: Conceptual Model Impacts Controlling Factors HabitatStructures HabitatProcesses Juvenile Salmonid Needs • Shoreline modifications • Pollution • Depth • Substrate • Slope • Light • Salinity • Vegetation • Vegetation density • Vegetation biomass • Diversity • Patch size and shape • Landscape position • Production • Shading • Sediment flux • Nutrient flux • Food production • Predator Refuge • Physiological Refuge • Energy Refuge • Migratory Corridor Source: Williams and Thom (2001)

  14. Blending Human Uses with Habitat • Habitat Perspective: • How Good and How Altered • Human Use Perspective: • Existing & Proposed Uses and Facilities • Space and Property Lines • Cost/Benefits • Feasibility: • Restoration Versus Enhancement of Specific Ecological Functions

  15. Restoration Prioritization Site Features Habitat Opportunities Habitat Constraints Site Location Habitat Improvement Potential Landscape Considerations No Action- Conserve Site Park Use Constraints Park Use Opportunities Combined Improvement Potential Restoration Feasibility • Reach Restoration Priority • No Action- Conserve Site • High Priority • Medium Priority • Low Priority • No Action- Use Conflict Source: Seattle Parks Shoreline Inventory and Habitat Assessment

  16. Results of Prioritization

  17. How Good and How Altered

  18. Restoration Example: Rainier Beach Lake Park

  19. Rainier Beach Lake ParkRestoration Opportunities

  20. Rainier Beach Design Concept

  21. Rainier Beach Design Concept

  22. Restoration Example: Martha Washington Park Existing Conditions

  23. Martha Washington ParkRestoration Opportunities

  24. Martha Washington Design Concept

  25. Martha Washington Design Concept

  26. Martha Washington Park Construction

  27. Martha Washington ParkCompletion

  28. Restoration Example: Seahurst Park • Microcosm of Puget Sound Shoreline Habitats • Habitat Forming Processes Restoration Opportunity • Shoreline and Park Master Plan

  29. Shoreline Restoration Goals • Preserve existing functioning nearshore habitats • Remove existing shoreline protection structures • Model restored beach slopes and substrates after natural on-site and adjacent reference beaches • Replenish gravel and sand lost to bulkhead induced erosion • Restore and protect the natural hillside sediment delivery paths

  30. Station 10+00 Pre-Construction

  31. Station 10+00 Construction(Sand/Gravel over Base Gravel)

  32. Station 10+00 Completed Beach

  33. Lower Beach Rock Removal Mid Project After Mid Project Before

  34. Beach Monitoring Initial Results Beach Profiles: 1973, 2004, 2005 Beach Sediment Sample Source: Johannessen, Coastal Geologic Services, 2005

  35. Required Biological Monitoring Pre-Project Initial Results Eelgrass Survey Forage Fish Monitoring

  36. Desirable Biological Pre-Project Monitoring Initial Results Location Comparisons Epibenthic On-Site Sampling Source: Toft, UW Wetland Ecosystem Team, 2005

  37. Restoration Example: Squalicum Waterway Existing Conditions

  38. Restoration Example: Dickman Mill Park

  39. Restoration Example: Golden Gardens Park

  40. Terracing Example: Sunnyside Beach Park

  41. Terracing Example: Thea Foss Esplanade

  42. Terracing Example: Thea’s Park

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