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47th Navy Occupational Health & Preventive Medicine Conference (NEHC)

47th Navy Occupational Health & Preventive Medicine Conference (NEHC). US Navy Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel (HERP) Ship Survey and Certification Process. 17 March 2008. Presented by: Robert Needy E3 Assessment & Evaluation Branch (Q52).

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47th Navy Occupational Health & Preventive Medicine Conference (NEHC)

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  1. 47th Navy Occupational Health & Preventive Medicine Conference (NEHC) US Navy Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel (HERP) Ship Survey and Certification Process 17 March 2008 Presented by: Robert Needy E3 Assessment & Evaluation Branch (Q52) DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT "D" - Distribution authorized to DOD and DOD contractors only; administrative/operational use (January 2007). Other requests shall be referred to Commander Dahlgren Division, (Q50), Naval Surface Warfare Center, and 17320 Dahlgren Rd., Dahlgren, VA 22448-5100. No secondary distribution authorized without prior approval of NSWCDD (Q50), Dahlgren, VA 22448-5100. DESTRUCTION NOTICE - For classified documents, follow the procedures contained in DOD 5220.22M, Industrial Security Manual, Section II-19 or DOD 5200.1R, Information Security Program Regulation, Chapter IX (Chapter 17 of OPNAVINST 5510.1H). For unclassified, limited documents, destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of document.

  2. Discussion Topics • HERP US Navy Safety Program • HERP Safety Standards & Instruction Status • US Navy Certification Ship List

  3. HERP Ship Safety Program • HERP - What is it ? • Documentation – Policy & Standards Used

  4. HERP – Cause & Effects HERP – Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel CauseEffects Non-Ionizing Radiation RF Radiation (Body Heating) (RF Emissions) RF Burn Excessive Body Currents - Induced - Contact (grasping)

  5. Documentation Policy & Safety Guidance Used • Technical Warrant Holder: NAVSEA 05W43 (Mark Johnson) • Policy/Guidance: • DoDINST 6055.11 – Protection of DoD Personnel from Exposure to RF Radiation • OPNAVINST 5100.19D – Occupational Safety & Health (NAVOSH) Forces Afloat • NAVSEA S9040-AA-GRP-010/SSCR – Ship System Certification Requirements • NAVSEAINST 9700.2 – Integrated Topside Safety and Certification Program (Pointing, Firing, and RADHAZ Cutouts) • OP 3565 Vol I – HERP/HERF Technical Guidance Handbook • Baseline Standard: • DoD & NAVOSH – Exposure Limits are derived from recommended limits established by American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/IEEE C95.1; which serve as a consensus standard of industry, scientific communities, government agencies and the public • IEEE C95.1 – Standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to RF fields 3 KHz to 300 GHz US Navy HERP Safety Programs Guided by DODINST 6055.11

  6. HERP – C95.1 Standard Characteristics • RF Exposure Limits Based Upon Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) “Time Derivative of Energy Absorbed in a Body Mass” • SAR is a Thermal “Heating” Effect • Currently C95.1 Sets SAR Threshold at 4 W/kg with a Safety Factor of (10) – 0.4 w/kg “Above 4 W/kg, There is an Increasing Chance of Adverse Biological Effects, But at or Below, There is No Established Evidence of Harm to Health” • Based Upon a Two Tier Standard: • Controlled Environments – Occupational Areas • Uncontrolled Environments – Public Areas • IEEE C95.1 Defines Exposure Limits in Terms: • RF Radiated Fields – V/m, A/m, mW/cm2 • Induced Body Currents – Feet/Foot (mA) – (3 KHz to 100 MHz) • Contact Body Currents – Grasping Contact (mA) – (3 KHz to 100 MHz) A conservative standard based upon Biological Thermal Effects

  7. HERP Safety Program • Ship HERP Survey Process • Instrumentation • Shipboard Measurements • Control Measures Implementation • NAVSEA Ship Certification Process

  8. Ship HERP Mitigation Process Guidelines/Instructions (IEEE C95.1 Baseline) DOD INST 6055.11 • Develop • Administrative • Control Measures: • Freq & Pwr Management • Post Warning Signs • Check Radar/SATCOM • Cutouts • Provide On-Site • Training & Report Evaluate Workplace EME On-Site Instrumented Measurements

  9. Instrumented Measurements Measurement Data used to Develop HERP Control Measures NAVSEA Dahlgren Division NSWC/Q52 is the Technical Agent for Shipboard HERP Mitigation

  10. Survey Instrumentation NARDA EM Survey Meter Model 8723D With Model 8723D Isotropic Probe HOLADAY Model HI-4422 Electric Field Probe Model HI-4416 Readout Meter MISSION RESEARCH Model MG-4501 Current Meters (Induced/Contact Body Current) NAVSEA RF Voltmeter (RF-Burn)

  11. Radiation Hazard Warning Signs used on Ships Type 2 Type 1 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 • When properly displayed • Identify Hazards • Inform Sailors how to avoid Hazards

  12. Posted Warning Signs Personnel Exposure Limit (PEL) Warning Lines RF Burn Warning Sign Warning Signs PEL Lines

  13. RF Burn Issues • The Use of a RF Insulating Link Installed on Cargo/Boat Cranes Mitigates Potential RF Burn Safety Issue discovered onboard USS SAN ANTONIO (LPD 17) 2-2 HF Antenna Crane Wire LPD 17 Insulating Link Recently Purchased Measurements w/o Insulating Link Source of RF Burn

  14. CAMS RADHAZ Cutout (2) (1) (3) Fire Control Director (1) NSSWS DIRECTOR (1) WSC-8 ANTENNA (2) CIWS MOUNT (3) AS-3081/WSC-1 ANTENNA Verify Radiation Cutout Zones Have Not Been Compromised

  15. HERP Ship Certification Process NAVSEA PEO’s SHIP TYPE COMMANDER EQUIPMENT MANAGERS NAVSEA S9040-AA-GTP-010/SSCR CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENT NEW CONSTRUCTION SHIP ALTS EQUIPMENT UPGRADES NAVSEA 05W43 HERP WARRENY HOLDER SHIP CERTIFICATION (Policy & Direction) Certification Message Issued NSWCDL Ship Certification Draft Message forwarded to NAVSEA Requirements: Schedule Money $ Request for Certification NSWCDL TECHNICAL & EXECUTION AGENT HERP CERTIFICATION ISSUED TO AFLOAT COMMANDS HERP SURVEY EXECUTED WITH SHIPS SUPPORT CONTROL MEASURES INSTALLED RADHAZ AWARENESS TRAINING Ship Coordination Support & Scheduling

  16. RF Safety Instructions/Standards • IEEE C95.1 Revision Status • IEEE C95.6 (0-3kHz) Introduction • DoDINST 6055.1 Revision Status • Tri-Service Panel (TERP) • OPNAVINST 5100.19D • OP 3565 Vol I Revision

  17. IEEE C95.1 Revision Status • Safety Levels WRT Human Exposure to EM Fields 3 KHz to 300 GHz • Initial Guidelines Were Published in 1993 • Updated to Clarify Issues Associated with Body Currents and Re-Published in 1999 • A Complete C95.1 Revision was finished in 2005, and published in 2006 *********************************************************************** Controlled Environments safety limit have remain relatively unchanged. Uncontrolled “General Public” criteria have undergo significant changes in a effort to “lower” the limits in a effort to harmonize with ICNIRP.

  18. EM Personnel Hazards 0 to 3KHz C95.6 • Published in Oct 2002 • Adverse Biological Effects: • Nerve stimulation causing pain • Inadvertent muscle excitation that may lead to work place injury • Alteration of synaptic activity within the brain • Cardiac excitation • Adverse effects associated with blood flow

  19. Summary of C95.6 (0-3kHz) Guidelines (Basic Restrictions) • Two Tier Standard – Controlled Environment & General Public • Basic Restrictions for the Various Regions of the Body – In-Situ Electric Fields (V/m) • Brain • Heart • Hands, Wrist, Feet & Ankles • Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) - Magnetic Fields (A/m) • Head & Torso • Limits Vary with Frequency Ranges (0 – 3 kHz) • Induced (feet) & Contact Current (grasping & touching) * Note: In-Situ “As Measured Within Biological Tissue” is Not a Field Measurable Quantity. * Note: Compliance with the Magnetic Fields MPE, Which are Readily Measurable Quantities, Will Ensure Compliance with the“Basic Restrictions”

  20. Summary of C95.6 (0-3kHz) Guidelines (Cont’d) • Environmental Electric Field MPEs for Whole Body: • Specifies Electric Field strengths for “General Public & Controlled Environment” exposures for various frequency ranges 0 to 3 kHz • Induced and Contract Current MPEs for Both the “General Public, and Controlled Environment” the Following Conditions: • Both feet • Each Foot • Contact grasp • Contact touch Whole Body & Body Current MPEs Given Based Upon Numerous Special Considerations Listed in the C95.6 Std.

  21. DoDINST 6055.11 Status • Baseline DoD Instruction WasPublished By the RFRWG/TERP inFeb of 1995 Which Adopted theIEEE Std. C95.1 GuidelinesPublished in 1993. • A Revision to DODINST 6055.11 isin Process, Which Will Adopt theRecently Incorporated Changes tothe IEEE Std. C95.1 Published in April 2006 Along with a Recommendation for DoD Services to Use the Newly Published IEEE Std. C95.6 Guidelines (0 to 3 kHz). The Current DoDINST Does Not Provide Guidance Below 3 kHz.

  22. RFRWG – Radio Frequency Radiation Working Group (Formally) Tri-Service Electromagnetic Radiation Panel (TERP) • Mission: • Technical Advisor to DoD Environmental, Occupational and Safety Activities on all aspects of Radio Frequency Safety and Health Issues. • Interfaces with other Federal, national and international organizations. • Includes Experts from all DoD Services in the areas of bioeffects research, operations, medical, and policy. • Prepares DoD draft positions on Radio Frequency Radiation standards issues and Environmental Impact Statements. • Addresses Current DoD media concerns. • Provides Representation on DoD Safety Occupational Health Working Group under the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Environment, Safety and Occupational Health )

  23. OPNAVINST 5100.19D Status • Current Status: • Revised August 2001 to reflectcurrent 1999 version of IEEEC95.1 (3 kHz – 300 GHz) • Proposed Changes: • Revision in process to adoptguidelines listed in recentlyPublished IEEE Std. C95.6 (0 – 3 kHz) • C95.6 Guidelines are Needed to Avoid Potential Hazards as a Result of Emerging Technological Developments WRT Direct-Drive Electric Propulsion, Electromagnetic Rail Gun, and Electromagnetic Launched Aircraft Developments

  24. OP 3565 Vol I HERP/HERF Revision Six • Handbook of Technical Guidance for Personnel & Fuel Hazards • Revision reflects current guidanceprovided by DoDINST 6055.11 • US Navy Shipboard/Aircraft/Shore emitterlist updated • Technical discussion of HERP & HERF • Calculated HERP safe separationdistances listed • HERF (Fuel) guidance remains unchanged • Revision published in 2003 – Volumes I & II published on same CD HERF HERP gasoline

  25. Safety Status of US Navy Fleet RADHAZ Baseline SurveysConducted OnboardUS Navy Ships(Post 1995)

  26. Carriers CV’s CVN’s Combatants Cruisers (CG) Destroyers (DDG) Frigates (FFG) Amphibious Warfare Command LCC Amphibious Assault LHA LHD Amphibious Transport Docks LPD 4 LPD 17 Coastal Patrol Craft PC Mine Warfare MCM MHC Submarine Tenders AS Salvage ARS Miscellaneous Command AGF US Navy Ship Status Baseline RADHAZ Surveys

  27. Underway Replenishment AOE Submarines SSN 21 (SEAWOLF) SSN 688 (LOS ANGELES) SSN (VIRGINIA) SSBN Military Sealift Command T-AE T-AFS T-AGS T-AN T-AKR T-AO T-AKE US Navy Ship Status Baseline RADHAZ Surveys (Cont’d)

  28. QUESTIONS ?

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