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Robinson Crusoe

Robinson Crusoe. Viaggio di Alexander Selkirk (1676-1721) ricordato in: Edward Cooke ( membro della spedizione di Rogers), A Voyage to the South Sea and Around the World 1712 Woodes Rogers, A Cruising Voyage Around the World 1712

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Robinson Crusoe

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  1. Robinson Crusoe Viaggio di Alexander Selkirk (1676-1721) ricordato in: • Edward Cooke (membrodellaspedizione di Rogers), A Voyage to the South Sea and Around the World 1712 • Woodes Rogers, A Cruising Voyage Around the World 1712 • Richard Steele, in un articolo su The Englishman, 3 dicembre 1713

  2. La fortuna di Robinson • Gustav Landcron, 1724 di anonimo • Robinson derJüngere, 1779-80 di HeinrichCampe • DerSchweizerische Robinson, 1812-27, di Johann David Wyss • The Swisss Family Robinson, 1849, traduzione/riscrittura del testo di Wyss, dalla quale nel XX secolo è statp tratto anche un cartone dal titolo Flo la piccola Robinson • Robinsonade(termine coniato nel 1731 da Johann GottriedSchnabel che ha finito col designare un vero e proprio genere narrativo, cioè l’avventura sull’isola deserta. Un esempio di tale genere è • The Coral Island, 1858 di Robert Michael Ballantyne • Sovvertimenti radicali: • Robinson, 1958 di MurielSpark • Vendredi, 1966 di Michel Tournier • Foe, 1996 di J.M.Coetzee

  3. Il tema dell’altro in Robinson • Si propongono di seguito citazioni tratte da The HistoryofJamaicadi Edward Long (1774) quali esempi di descrizione dell’altro nativo in cui la presunta oggettività del discorso scientifico tradisce un evidente pregiudizio razzista.

  4. Descrizioni dell’altro nativo. Edward Long, HistoryofJamaica, 1774 • The particularswhereintheydiffermostessentiallyfrom the Whites are, first, in respecttotheirbodies, viz., the dark membrane whichcommunicatesthatblackcolouroftheirskins, whichdoesnot alter bytransportationsintootherclimates, and whichtheyneverlose, exceptbysuchdiseases, or casualties, asdestroy the textureofit, forexample, the leprosy, and accidentsofburning or scalding

  5. Descrizioni dell’altro nativo. Edward Long, HistoryofJamaica, 1774 • Edward Long, HistoryofJamaica, 1774 • Secondly, a coveringofwool, like the bestialfleece, insteadofhair. The roundnessoftheireyes, the figure oftheirears, tumidnostrils, flatnoses, invariablethicklips, and generallargesizeof the femalenipples, asifadaptedby nature to the peculiarcomformationoftheirchildren’s mouths. Fourthly, the blackcolourof the lice whichinfesttheirbodies…Itisknown, thatthereis a verygreatvarietyoftheseinsects; and some say, thatalmostallanimalshavetheirpeculiarsort. Fifthly, theirbestial or fetidsmell, whichtheyallhave in a greater or lessdegree

  6. Descrizioni dell’altro nativo. Edward Long, HistoryofJamaica, 1774 • Theyhave no plan or system ofmoralityamongthem. Theirbarbaritytotheirchildrendebasestheir nature evenbelowthatofbrutes. Theyhave no moralsensation; no state butfor women; gormandizing, and drinkingtoexcess; no wishbuttobeidle.

  7. AphraBehn, Oroonoko, 1688 • The mostfamousStatuarycou’d notform the Figure of a man more admirably turn’d from head tofoot. His Face wasnotofthatbrownrustyBlackwhichmostofthatNation are, butofperfectEbony, or polishedJett. HisEyeswere the mostawfulthatcou’d beseen, and very piercing; the White of ‘embeinglikeSnow, aswerehisteeth. HisNosewasrising and Roman, insteadofAfrican and flat. Hismouth the finestshapedthatcouldbeseen; far fromthosegreat turn’d Lips, which are so naturalto the restof the Negroes. • Si confronti questa descrizione con quella di Fridayin RC

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