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Objective

Objective.

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Objective

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  1. Objective • Using these instruction learners can know how to convert U.S. units to SI in 2 hours. International students who have the foundation of algebra and rules of operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, will be able to compare the basic measurements between U.S. units and the International System units (SI) in weight, height, distance and temperature by identifying the type of measurements, identifying the type of units, applying the appropriate formulas, converting the units, and calculating the number correctly.

  2. Objective • Most of the world uses SI for measuring things. In the United States the U.S. units are used, and many International students do not know how to convert from one to the other. Using a simple multiplier, anyone can make the switch. These instructions are very useful thing to know if learners are studying or visiting in the United States.

  3. The International System of Units (SI) • During the latter part of the 18th century, the metric system began in France in 1790. Before the metric system was placed, the National Assembly of France used a unit of length equal to the length of a pendulum that it would be a second per full swing. While many scientists privileged the concept of a unit of length derived from a pendulum, the French Academy Sciences prepared special committees to study the connected issues. There were many documented practical difficulties. The different values of gravitational force at different places on the surface of the Earth and variations with temperature were included. Then “metre” is the name that was given for the unit.

  4. The International System of Units (SI) • The modern form of the metric system of units and standards of measurement is SI, the International System of units. SI is come from the French word IeSysteme’ International. SI is an easy and simple to use system, which are measures commonly acceptable to the countries of the world.

  5. The International System of Units (SI) • There are two guiding principles for SI. First, SI is the definition of a single unit of measurement. Second, there is a decimal relationship for the essential units of the same quantity; a prefix may be added to a unit to produce a multiple of the original unit. Multiples by factors of 10 or submultiples by factors of 1/10 were considered of obtaining systematic units of measure. For example, kilo- means a multiple of 1,000 (103), mega- means a multiple of a 1,000,000 (106), centi- means submultiples by factors of 1/100 (10-2), and milli - means a submultiple by factors of 1/1,000 (10-3).

  6. The United States Units (The U.S.) • The United States customary system is known as English units or the American system. In the United States, the U.S. units are the most commonly used system of measurement. The U.S. units have common roots that were used in the United Kingdom, the British Imperial system. Both of systems are similar, as a result of consistency efforts in the United Kingdom; the local units themselves mostly draw back to the evolution of local units. The local units generally pull back to Roman and Anglo-Saxon units. They have derived from the evolution of local units over the centuries.

  7. The United States Units (The U.S.) • Even though in the United States uses the U.S. units, the majority of the U.S. units have been defined in term of the kilogram and the meter since 1893. Also, the Competitiveness Act and Omnibus Trade selected SI units as the system for commerce and U.S. trade in 1988. A table of weights from the secretaries of states, showing the number of pounds which their laws recognize as a bushel of different commodities. c. 1854

  8. Units of Weight • The word “weight” in many daily situations is different from the recognition of a relatively recent historical development. Weight continues to be used when, strictly, "mass" is meant. In everyday life most people would mention an object that "weighs 2 grams." • Even though weight in applications practically means the same as mass as that term in physics is used, in modern scientific usage, mass and weight are basically different quantities: weight always is applied to an object in a gravitational field. Weight is a power that results from the action of gravity on matter: it measures how strongly gravity pulls on that matter, while mass is a fundamental property of matter; the inertial mass of an object determines its acceleration in the presence of an applied force.

  9. Units of Weight • The avoirdupois kilogram (kg) and gram (g) are officially defined as a measure of mass. In the U.S. units, pound (lb) and ounce (oz) are units of mass. Formula for converting U.S. unitsSI units 1 pound (lb) 0.4536 kilograms (kg) 1 ounces (oz) 28.35 grams (g)

  10. Units of Weight Example A bottle of milk weighs 2 pounds. How much weight is it in kilograms? 1 pound = 0.4536 kilograms 2 x 0.4536 = 0.907 Answer 0.907 kilogram

  11. Units of Weight Exercise Compute what you have learned to complete these conversions: a) 3 pounds = ______ kilograms b) 4.5 ounces = ______ grams c) 8 oz = ______ kg d) 1 lb = ______ kg e) 5 oz = ______ g

  12. Units of Height and Length • The common meaning of height is the measure of vertical distance. Height can imply how "tall" something is. Height can be used to measure the human body from the top of the head to the bottom of the feet when standing straight. • Length may be characterized from height. Most normally the term of “Length” is measure for a certain dimension of a horizontal object. It refers to the longest dimension of an object in the geometric measurements.

  13. Units of Height and Length Formula for converting U.S. unitsSI units 1 inch (in) 25.4 millimeters (mm) 1 in 2.54 centimeters (cm) 1 feet (ft) 0.305 meter (m) Example A height of a building is 5.6 ft, so how high is the building in m? 1 ft = 0.305 m 5.6 x 2.54 = 14.224 Answer 14.224 m

  14. Units of Height and Length Exercise Compute what you have learned to complete these conversions: a) 4 inch = ______ centimeter b) 2.2 ft = ______ mm c) 8 in = ______ cm d) 1 ft = ______ m e) 7 in = ______ mm

  15. Units of Temperature • Temperature is not energy, but it is a physical property that underlies the common concepts of cold and hot. Feeling something that is colder than normal has a lower temperature. Temperature is not heat. It is different. Temperature is one of the principal parameters of thermodynamics. Temperature will not happen if there is not heat between 2 objects. The temperature will be the same between the objects. On the other hand, in the law of thermodynamics, if there is heat between 2 objects, the heat will flow from the object that has a higher temperature to the object that has a lower temperature.

  16. Units of Temperature • In the Imperial systems and the U.S. units, the measurement of temperature is the Fahrenheit temperature system. On the other hand, SI units would use the Celsius temperature system (sometimes called “Centigrade”). However, some scientists have switched to the Kelvin system and most people almost always use the Celsius system for ordinary (non-scientific) purposes. The following compares the Celsius system with the Fahrenheit system. The boiling point of water in Celsius is 100 degrees; in Fahrenheit it is 212 degrees. The freezing point of water in Celsius is 0 degrees; in Fahrenheit it is 32 degrees

  17. Units of Temperature Formula for conversion U.S. unitsSI units (F – 32) / 1.8 C Example What is 78 degrees Fahrenheit in degrees Celsius? C = (78 – 32) / 1.8 C = 46 / 1.8 C = 25.6 Answer25.6 Celsius

  18. Units of Temperature Exercise Which one is the formula of converting the measurement of temperature in the U.S. units to SI units? a. (F + 32) x 1.8 b. (F - 32) / 1.8 c. (32 - F) x 1.8 d. (32 + F) / 1.8

  19. Summary There are basically 2 systems of units still in use. The two systems in actual use are the International System of units (SI), also known as the metric system. Another system is the U.S. units, still use in the United States, Burma, and Liberia. To convert unit is very important for international students, who are familiar with SI units. They might have experienced difficultly in converting and comparing some measurement in the U.S. units to SI units when they come to study or visit in the United States, where the U.S. are used. These skills can help them solve the problem.

  20. Summary For example, they will not struggle with weather if they are be able to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit and compare them because they know that what kind of cloth is appropriated. Also, they can guess that how long they will take to walk from their apartment to a university if they are be able to convert mile to kilometer because they know that how far it is. Not only can learners transfer learned skills to teach their peers when needed, but also they may transfer the skills to their American friends in their group. These skills are useful to the Americans as well. They can use when they visit other countries.

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