Hope for the Future

1. Hope for the Future Portugal - Póvoa de Lanhoso Second meeting 13 -17 May 2013 Learning Europe: Culture & Civilization

2. Italy

3. ITALY Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a unitary parliamentary republic in Southern Europe. Italy is divided into 20 regions. The capital is Rome,but there are also other important cities such as Milan, Florence and Naples. In Italy there are about 60 million people.

4. Discoveries and Inventions in Italy

5. Flavio Gioia Flavio Gioia, was an alleged Italian navigator and inventor who lived between the thirteenth and fourteenth century. He invented the magnetic compass.

6. Compass The compass is a tool for the identification of the cardinal points. It is provided with a magnetic needle which, free to rotate on a pin, has the property to align along the magnetic lines of the earth's magnetic field thus indicating the direction north-south

7. Cristoforo Colombo(1415-1506) He was among the most important Italian sailors who took part in the process of exploration of the great geographical discoveries at the turn of the fifteenth and sixteenth century. Colombodiscovered the American Continent.

8. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) Leonardo da Vinci was a painter, an engineer and a scientist. He was involved in architecture and sculpture. Besides he was a designer, essayist, stage designer, anatomist, musicist. Leonardo is considered one of the greatest geniuses of the mankind.

9. Gioconda The Gioconda (by Leonardo Da Vinci) also known as the Mona Lisa, is an oil painting on wood of poplar. It is certainly the most famous portrait in the world and one of the most famous works of art ever, the subject of endless gifts, tributes, but also parodies and mockery.

10. Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) Galileo said that the sun was the center of the solar system and not the earth. Galileo Galilei was a physicist, a mathematician, and an astronomer who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism.

11. Giovanni Domenico Cassini (1625-1712) Astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini made many important discoveries about the Solar System and currently there is a spacecraft called Cassini in orbit around Saturn.

12. Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694) Marcello Malpighi was a doctor and the founder of microscopic anatomy.

13. Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729-1799) The biologist Lazzaro Spallanzani conducted important researches in bodily functions, animal reproduction, and cellular theory.

14. Alessandro Volta (1810-1827) Alessandro Volta was an Italian physicist, best known for the invention of the first electric power generator ever made, the battery, and the discovery of methane.

15. Eugenio Barsanti (1821-1864) Nicolò Barsanti, better known as Eugenio was a priest, an Italian engineer and inventor, the inventor and the builder of the first working internal combustion engine.

16. Internal Combustion Engine The internal combustion engine is defined as the driving thermal machine which allows to convert the chemical energy possessed by a fuel-air mixture.

17. The voltaic pile The voltaic pile (pile of Volta) was the first static electricity generator ever made. Invented by Alessandro Volta in 1800, it is the prototype of the modern electric battery.

18. Camillo Golgi (1843-1926) Camillo Golgi was a physician, pathologist, scientist, and Nobel laureate, whose many achievements include the discovery of the Golgi complex, and his role in paving the way to the acceptance of the Neuron doctrine.

19. Telephone The telephone was invented by Antonio Meucci in 1871.The telephone is an instrument for telecommunications created for the remote transmission of the human voice.

20. Radio The radio was invented by Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937) at the beginning of xx century. The radio is an electronic technology which uses electromagnetic waves for telecommunications and other objects.

21. Enrico Fermi (1901-1954) The physicist Enrico Fermi, a Nobel prize laureate, was the leader of the team that built the first nuclear reactor and is also noted for his many other contributions to physics, including the co-development of the quantum theory.

22. Apparecchio d'induzione tellurica The Device induction overland serves to verify, among other things, the existence of currents induced by the terrestrial magnetic field and their effects.

23. Italian Industry

24. Italy has a diversified industrial economy with high gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and developed infrastructure. According to the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and The World Factbook, in 2012 Italy was the ninth-largest economy in the world, the fifth-largest in Europe and the third-largest in the Eurozone in terms of nominal GDP. Italy is a member of the G7 and the Group of Eight (G8) industrialized nations, the European Union and the OECD.

25. Italy is famous for its products. In Italy there are : Automotive industry Food industry Aerospace industry Textile and Leather industry Metalworking industry

26. Automotive industry The most famous factories are: Fiat Ferrari; Maserati; Lamborghini; Pagani; Piaggio;

27. One of the most popular designer of cars in the world is Pininfarina. He designed several luxury cars.

28. Food industry

29. Cheese In Italy there are many regional cheese: Pecorino Mozzarella Parmigiano

30. Oil Oil is an Italian product made by olives. Olive oil is a fat obtained by grinding whole olives and extracting the oil by mechanical or chemical means. It is commonly used in cooking, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and soaps and as a fuel for traditional oil lamps.

31. Types of pasta There are many types of pasta such as spaghetti, fusilli, penne, farfalle, lasagne, etc. Short pasta. Lasagne Long pasta.

32. Ham and salami Prepared meat products, such as bacon, ham, sausages, salami, mortadella, bresaola, soppressata, primarily from pork. Originally they were intended as a way to preserve meat before the invention of refrigeration.

33. Typical Italian salami and cold pork meats Prosciutto di Parma Mortadella Soppressata Bresaola

34. Blood orange and grapes The blood orange is a type of orange with crimson, almost-blood-colored flesh. The fruit is smaller than an average orange; its skin is usually pitted, but can be smooth. It is grown in Sicily. Grapes are the principal ingredient for wine. White grapes and Red grapes are grown in Italy.

35. Wine PROSECCO CHIANTI PINOT ASTI BRUNELLO

36. The most famous brands are: Barilla (pasta and spaghetti) Ferrero (nutella and snacks) Martini (sparkling and other alcoholic drinks) Perugina(chocolate)

37. Aerospace industry The Italian aerospace industry is one of the most advanced in the world. The Alenia Aermacchi produces planes for the international airlines companies,for the Italian Air Force and for other countries in the world.

38. Textileindustry In Italy there are a lot of textile companies and these companies export their products all over the world.

39. Italy is one of the leading countries in fashion design. Fashion has always been an important part of the country's cultural life and society, and Italians are well known for their attention of dressing-up well. Italian Fashion Design

40. The major Italian fashion houses are: Gucci, Armani, Emilio Pucci, Valentino, Prada, Dolce & Gabbana, Ferragamo, Roberto Cavalli, Trussardi, Versace, Krizia, Etro, Miu Miu, Laura Biagiotti, Max Mara, Fendi, Moschino, Missoni, Bottega Veneta, Benetton and Brioni. The major Italian accessory and jewelry brands are Luxottica, Bulgari, Damiani, Pomellato.

41. Metalworking industries There is one of the biggest industry for production of steel. This industry is Ilva.

42. There are also a lot of artisans. The most famous are from Venice and they produce glass sculptures.

43. Industrial DesignFurniture FLEXFORM MOLTENI ESEDRA LIPPARINI FRAU