The Biosphere and Energy: Understanding Fuel Sources and Photosynthesis

1. Day 73 1.2 The Biosphere and Energy

2. ZOO • Zoo • Zoo • Zoo

3. All activities require a source of energy – a fuel

4. All activities require a source of energy – a fuel • To sustain a camp fire, you need ________

5. All activities require a source of energy – a fuel • To sustain a camp wire, you need wood • To drive a car, you need to _______

6. All activities require a source of energy – a fuel • To sustain a camp wire, you need wood • To drive a car, you need to gas • To migrate big distances, hummingbirds need to burn the fat stored in their tissues

7. All activities require a source of energy – a fuel • To sustain a camp wire, you need wood • To drive a car, you need to gas • To migrate big distances, hummingbirds need to burn the fat stored in their tissues • All these examples show a different fuel, BUT they in a sense they come from the same source

8. ` • All activities require a source of energy – a fuel • To sustain a camp wire, you need wood • To drive a car, you need to gas • To migrate big distances, hummingbirds need to burn the fat stored in their tissues • All these examples show a different fuel, BUT they in a sense they come from the same source – solar energy that is converted to chemical energy

9. Photosynthesis(plants get food without hunting!) Water + Carbon Dioxide reacts together with thermal energy (light) from sun to produce  Oxygen + Glucose (sugar)

10. Photosynthesis It produces 100 to 200 billion tonnes of sugar each year(3.0x10^17 sugar cubes)!

11. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from organic molecules (like carbohydrates) in the presence of oxygen(Opposite equation of photosynthesis)glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water

12. Chlorophyll is a pigment that absorbs energy from light and gives the plants their green colour

13. Chlorophyll is a pigment that absorbs energy from light and givens the plants their green colour Wherever there are chlorophyll-containing organisms, oxygen is generated

14. Tropical forests (only cover 5% of Earth’s surface) are responsible for 30% of Earth’s photosynthesis

15. Tropical forests (only cover 5% of Earth’s surface) are responsible for 30% of Earth’s photosynthesis Oceans are also responsible for 30% of Earth’s photosynthesis

16. Trophic level a category of organisms that is defined by how the organisms gain their energy

17. Trophic level a category of organisms that is defined by how the organisms gain their energyPrimary producers (organisms) that make their own food

18. Trophic level a category of organisms that is defined by how the organisms gain their energyPrimary producers (organisms) that make their own food Consumers (organisms) that can’t

19. Biomass is the total mass of living organisms in a defined group or area

20. Biomass is the total mass of living organisms in a defined group or area • Trophic efficiency is a measure of the amount of energy or biomass transferred from one trophic level to the next higher trophic level

21. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from organic molecules (like carbohydrates) in the presence of oxygen(Opposite equation of photosynthesis)glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water

22. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from organic molecules (like carbohydrates) in the presence of oxygen (aerobic conditions) (Opposite equation of photosynthesis)glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water

23. Cellular Respiration • Even though photosynthesis produces glucose (sugar) which is food for plants, it needs to be broken down and consumed to give the plant energy cellular respiration completes that process

24. Fermentation occurs when oxygen is absent (anaerobic condition) – organisms like bacteria and fungi use fermentation to release the energy in glucose

25. Carbon Dioxide and Greenhouse Gases • Greenhouse gases