1 / 34

Chapter 37

Chapter 37. Diseases and Parasites of Poultry. Objectives. Establish a disease and parasite control program for poultry Identify the Symptoms of Common Poultry Diseases Identify the Common Parasites of Poultry Describe methods of preventing disease and parasite infestation of poultry.

kellya
Download Presentation

Chapter 37

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 37 Diseases and Parasites of Poultry

  2. Objectives • Establish a disease and parasite control program for poultry • Identify the Symptoms of Common Poultry Diseases • Identify the Common Parasites of Poultry • Describe methods of preventing disease and parasite infestation of poultry

  3. Maintaining Poultry Health • Preventive management is the best way to control poultry diseases and parasites • A preventative program involves • Sanitation • Good management • Vaccination • Control of disease outbreaks

  4. Maintaining Poultry Health (cont.) • Sanitation • Poultry houses must be completely cleaned and disinfected • This has to be done before new birds are moved in • Whenever possible, do not allow visitors to enter poultry houses, pens, yards • Dispose of dead birds properly

  5. Maintaining Poultry Health (cont.) • Vaccination • Not substitute for good health management • Vaccinate only healthy birds • Can be helpful in controlling certain diseases • Newcastle disease • Marek’s disease • Infectious bronchitis • Fowl pox, etc.

  6. Maintaining Poultry Health (cont.) • Controlling Disease Outbreaks • Better to prevent a disease than try to control it • During the first 3 weeks • Normal death rate for chicks is about 2 percent • For turkeys, it is about 3 percent • After the 3 three weeks the death rate should be below 1 percent per month

  7. Diseases and Disorders • Amyloidosis • The liver becomes hard and fluids accumulate within the body cavity • Aortic Rupture/Dissecting Aneurysm • Artery ruptures, bird bleeds to death internally • Arthritis/Synovitis • Inflammation of joints, synovial membranes

  8. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Aspergillosis (Brooder Pneumonia) • Caused by a fungus or mold • Avian Influenza (Fowl Plague) • Caused by several viruses • Avian Leukosis • A complex of diseases caused by viruses

  9. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Avian Pox (Fowl Pox) • No treatment • Avian Vibrionic Hepatitis • Affects chickens in an acute or chronic form • Blackhead • Caused by a protozoan parasite

  10. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Bluecomb (Transmissible Enteritis; Mud Fever) • Caused by a virus and affects all ages • Bluecomb (Pullet Disease) • Cause unknown but is believed to be a virus • Bumblefoot (Staphylococcosis) • A disease of the feet that affects turkeys

  11. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Botulism (Limberneck; Food Poisoning) • Bird eats decayed material containing a toxin • Cage Layer Fatigue • Affects young pullets laying eggs at high rate • Coccidiosis • Caused by a number of protozoan parasites called coccidia

  12. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Coliform Infections (Colibacillosis) • Young birds are more commonly affected • Duck Virus Enteritis (Duck Plague) • There is no treatment; death loss is high • Degenerative Joint Disease • Mainly effects turkeys and laying hens

  13. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Degenerative Myopathy (Green Muscle Disease) • Inner large breast muscle degenerates • Dietary Disorders • Number of diet-related disorders affect poultry • Epidemic Tremor (Avian Encephalomyelitis) • Chicks become paralyzed and tremble

  14. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Erysipelas • First sign of disease is several dead birds • Fatty Liver Syndrome • Affects mainly caged birds on high-energy diets • Fowl Cholera, Endemic Fowl Cholera (Pasteurellosis) • Almost eliminated by good management in commercial flocks

  15. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Hemorrhagic Anemia Syndrome • Death loss is high in acute form • Hemorrhagic Enteritis • Most common in older turkeys • Hexamitiasis • Caused by protozoan parasite

  16. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Inclusion Body Hepatitis • Sudden death is often a symptom • Infectious Bronchitis • Caused by a virus and only affects chickens • Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro) • Prevention is by vaccination

  17. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Infectious Coryza • Caused by a bacterium • Laryngotracheitis • Death rate is high • Leucocytozoonosis • Mainly affects turkey poults and ducklings

  18. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Mycoplasmosis • Chronic respiratory disease • Mycotoxicosis • Fungi, mold grow on feed, litter produce toxins • Necrotic Enteritis • Sudden death of healthy birds is first sign

  19. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Newcastle Disease • Occurs in several forms, each caused by a different virus • New Duck Disease (Infectious Serositis) • One of the most serious illnesses for ducklings • Omphalitis • Appears to be caused by several bacteria

  20. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Ornithosis • In humans it is called parrot fever • Poisoning • Birds may be poisoned by eating or drinking any toxic materials • Round Heart Disease • Heart becomes enlarged, rounded, and flabby

  21. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Salmonella and Paracolon Infections • Four diseases of poultry that are caused by these bacteria include • Pullorum disease • Fowl typhoid • Paratyphoid • Paracolon infections

  22. Diseases and Disorders (cont.) • Trichomoniasis • Caused by a protozoan parasite • Ulcerative Enteritis • Acute form can cause sudden death

  23. External Parasites • There are many parasites that affect the poultry industry • Mites and lice create the most serious problems

  24. External Parasites (cont.) • Mites

  25. External Parasites (cont.) • Mites (cont.) • Common Chicken Mites • Northern Fowl Mite • Scaly Leg Mite

  26. External Parasites (cont.) • Poultry Lice • Insects; have six legs • Most common type is body louse • All poultry lice have chewing mouth parts • Feed on skin, scab tissue, and feather parts • Will not feed on humans

  27. External Parasites (cont.) • Fowl Tick • Dark-colored bloodsucker • Can cause paralysis • Fleas and Bedbugs • Bloodsuckers; feed on bird at night • Flies • Nuisance around poultry house

  28. External Parasites (cont.) • Control of External Parasites • Basis is sanitation procedures • Insecticides may be used for control • Check with poultry specialists, veterinarians, or the Cooperative Extension Service for current regulations for insecticide use

  29. Internal Parasites • Internal parasites that affect poultry include • Large roundworms • Cropworms (capillaria) • Cecal worms • Tapeworms • Flukes • Gapeworms • Gizzard worms

  30. Internal Parasites (cont.)

  31. Internal Parasites (cont.)

  32. Internal Parasites (cont.)

  33. Internal Parasites (cont.)

  34. Internal Parasites (cont.)

More Related