Westward Expansion

1. Westward Expansion Review Notes (Pay attention – this information will be on the test!)

2. Louisiana Purchase • Territory purchased from France in 1803 • $15 Million • Doubled the size of the United States • Lewis and Clark sent to explore the territory

3. Florida Acquisition • Territory purchased from Spain in 1821 for $5 million • Treaty of Adams-Onis

4. Manifest Destiny • American belief that they had the right to control all of the land from the Atlantic to Pacific oceans. • This goal was achieved after the Mexican Cession took place in 1848

6. Manifest Destiny

7. TEXAS • Spain ruled Texas until 1821 when Mexico gained its independence from Spain • Stephen Austin: started a colony in Texas with Mexican approval • 5 important rules the Americans agreed to follow: • Obey Mexican laws • Become Catholic • Learn Spanish • No Slavery • Become Mexican citizens

8. Texas cont. • Americans went to Texas because land was cheap. • Even though they agreed to follow the 5 rules, they refused to follow them • Americans soon declared independence from Mexico and named Sam Houston as Commander in Chief of their army • Santa Anna (Mexican President and General) attacked Americans at the Alamo (a mission) and at the town of Goliad

9. The Lone Star Republic • Texans won the war after defeating Santa Anna at the San Jacinto River. • Texans set up an independent country • Sam Houston elected 1st President

10. Oregon Country • The U.S. wanted all land north to the 54, 40’ degree line of latitude ( imaginary parallel lines) • 1846 Treaty signed with Britain at the 49 degree line of latitude

11. USA goes to war with Mexico! • Goal: take all the land to the Pacific Ocean (Manifest Destiny) • Americans won • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the war • The Rio Grande was the southern border of Texas • Americans paid Mexico $15 million for the land • Last section bought = Gadsden Purchase $10 million

12. The Blending of Culturesin the Southwest • From Mexican Culture • Architecture • Water rights and irrigation • Cowboys • From American Culture • Jury trials • Better farming techniques

13. Gold in California! • Sutters Mill • 49ers

14. Vocabulary • Adams-Onis Treaty • Alamo: a mission in Texas where Texans took refuge from the Mexican army. • 49’ers: people who went to California to find gold • Latitude:imaginary parallel lines that provide location on earth • Louisiana Purchase • Manifest Destiny • Missionary: people who teach their religion to others • Trail of Tears • Vaqueros

15. Oregon Trail

16. Manifest Destiny Achieved! • After the U.S. won the Mexican Cession from Mexico in 1848, America spread from coast to coast, “Manifest Destiny” was achieved! • Major Land Acquisitions: • Louisiana Purchase • Florida • Texas Annexation • Oregon Country • California and the Southwest • Americans would fight over whether or not the new territories would be free or slave