DCN286 INTRODUCTION TO DATA COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

1. DCN286 INTRODUCTION TO DATA COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Ethernet Tech and Standards

2. Outdated Ethernet 10Mbps Logical bus topology CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detection) Half duplex operation with hub connection

3. UTP cable categories

4. TIA/EIA568-A and B pin outs

5. 100Mbps Ethernet (Fast Ethernet)

6. 100BASE-TX IEEE802.3u defines the Fast Ethernet (100Mbps) with some common features: Can support CSMA/CD and half duplex Can disable CSMA/CD and support full duplex Support autonegotiation Use the same Cat5/5e cable and connector pinouts Same single cable length limitation (100m) Same Ethernet frame format

7. Trunk link In a multiple switches environments, the link between switches is called trunk

8. 100BASE-FX Fast Ethernet over optical fiber using 1300nm wavelength Was developed to overcome the limitation of 100m for 100Base-T Not as popular as FDDI or ATM

9. Media Access Control (MAC)

10. MAC Rules and Collision Detection/Backoff

11. MAC Rules and Collision Detection/Backoff

12. Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) (optional) Token Ring network using Token Bus timed token protocol Can support thousands of users Can extend range up to 200 km (124miles) Can achieve 200Mbps with double token rings

13. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) (optional) Developed by ITU (International Telecommunications Union) and ATM Forum Packet switching protocol that encodes data into small fixed sized cells (Ethernet or IP has various length frames) @ 155Mbps Connection oriented model to establish virtual circuit between sender and receiver Transport real-time video and audio as well as image files, text and email over DSL lines

14. Packet Switching and Circuit Switching (optional) The Circuit switching is to have specific circuit between nodes for exclusive use during the communication session. One example is phone conversation. The Packet switching is to transmit packets in the shared network and the specific path is not required. One example is mail system. You drop the envelope into the mailbox and do not care how the post office sends the letter to the destination.

15. Gigabit Ethernet (1000Mbps) tech

16. 1000BASE-T(IEEE802.3ab) 1000BASE-T (also known as IEEE 802.3ab) is a standard for gigabit Ethernet over copper wiring. 250Mbps per pair and the standard defines the way to simultaneously both send and receive over 4 pairs to achieve 1Gbps in each direction Can support half duplex and CSMA/CD though it is not practical. Supports up to 100m of 4-pair unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable with RJ45 connectors.

17. Common Timing Settings for 1000Mbps Ethernet

18. Gigabit UTP cable The pinout is very similar to that specified in 568A/B. But, all 4 pairs would be required for bidirectional data transmitting.

19. 1000BASE-TX Use only 2 pairs for communication. Cat6 and 7 cables are required. Different standard to 1000BASE-T

20. 1000BASE-X Running over optic fiber Most popular standards are LX and SX

21. 1000BASE-LX (long) Longer cover range than SX Can reach 5 -20km.. Bigger wave length than SX Typically 1310nm (1270 to 1355 nm)

22. 1000BASE-SX (short) Shorter cover range than LX Can reach 225 -550m. Smaller wave length than LX Typically 850nm (770 to 860 nm)

23. SC connector The SC connector is a fiber optic connector with a push-pull latching mechanism which provides quick insertion and removal while also ensuring a positive connection. The SC connector has been standardized as FOCIS 3 (Fiber Optic Connector Intermateability Standards) in EIA/TIA-604-03.

24. MT-RJ Connector The MTRJ connector is a small form-factor fiber optic connector which resembles the RJ-45 connector used in Ethernet networks. The MTRJ connector was designed by AMP, but was later standardized as FOCIS 12 (Fiber Optic Connector Intermateability Standards) in EIA/TIA-604-12.

25. Optic fiber cable and converter

26. Panel (optional) Easy way to patch fiber cables to termination enclosures

27. Advantage of optic fiber Noise immunity (optical fiber is free from EMI or RFI) Cabling distance is greater than UTP cable to meet demand of widely range No grounding is required Less electrical system requirement Immune to interception

28. Disadvantage of optic fiber More challenge for cable installation Must use expensive optic fiber cable and connectors. Need for more expensive optical transmitters and receivers Additional tech skills and equipment would be required for installation, inspection and maintenance Cannot carry electricity to operate or power terminal devices

29. 10 Gigabit Ethernet (IEEE802.3ae) Can run over optic fiber or UTP cable 10 giga bit per second Various standards

30. Fiber (10GBASE-R)

31. 10GBASE-T (IEEE802.3an) Can use UTP or STP cables. 10GBASE-T (IEEE802.3an) will use Cat6 /w RJ45 connector for 55m connection. It can reach 100m with Cat6a cable. Consume more power and has higher latency than other 10GBASE Ethernet physical layers.

32. Ethernet Ethernet is the dominant LAN tech (80-90% market share) What makes Ethernet so popular is its reliability, lower cost, and continued enhancements in speed, security, and connection quality.

33. Future of the Ethernet 40 or 100 Gigabit Ethernet are in studying and working. 100Gbps, Terabit and 10Terabit would be possible in future.

34. Question Any question? If you do not have question, please search internet and collect more information of those optic fiber cables, connectors and standards. Please be comfortable to draw the shape of popular connectors. Please be familiar with those organizations’ full name and main responsibilities.