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By, V.Go utha man

By, V.Go utha man. Introduction.

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By, V.Go utha man

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  1. By, V.Gouthaman

  2. Introduction Linux is a multitasking, multiuser operating system, which means that many people can run many different applications on one computer at the same time. This differs from MS-DOS, where only one person can use the system at any one time. Under Linux, to identify yourself to the system, you must log in, which entails entering your login name (the name the system uses to identify you), and entering your password, which is your personal key for logging in to your account. Because only you know your password, no one else can log in to the system under your user name.

  3. Installing Linux There are various types of linux operating systems available like Ubuntu,Kubuntu,Debian,Fedora, Linux Mint. The most notable point in it is they are available for free. They send free CDs and DVDs to our place for free, not even charging for shipping. Installing and configuring Linux is very easy. Here we discuss how to install and configure Ubuntu Linux with screenshots.

  4. Enter the CD into the drive and restart your computer. Boot the computer using the CD and continue your installation. Select your language for installation.

  5. Select the second option "Install Ubuntu," and hit the “Enter” key...

  6. Wait for the CD to load into RAM...

  7. When the installer appears, you are able to select your native language for the installation process. Click the “Forward” button to continue...

  8. Click the “Forward” button after you have selected your desired location...

  9. Click the “Forward” button when you have finished with the keyboard configuration...

  10. Click the “Forward” button...

  11. This is the final step of the installation. Here, you can select to install the boot loader on another partition or hard drive than the default one...

  12. Click the “Install” button to install Ubuntu...

  13. The Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex) operating system will be installed...

  14. A pop-up window will appear, notifying you that the installation is complete, and you need to restart the computer in order to use the newly installed Ubuntu operating system.Click the “Restart Now” button...

  15. The CD will be ejected, remove it and press the “Enter” key to reboot...

  16. The computer will be restarted and, in a few seconds, you will see the Ubuntu login screen. Input your username and password...

  17. Have fun using Ubuntu!

  18. LINUX COMMANDS

  19. ls ( list file/directory names in current directory)

  20. ls -l (list all file/directory information in current directory(long version))

  21. ls -R (list all files in current directories and below)

  22. mkdir ( Make A Directory)

  23. cd (Change directory)

  24. cd .. (Move to the parent directory of the current directory.)

  25. cd ~ (Move to the user's home directory. The '~' indicates the users home directory.)

  26. Cat> filename (Creates a file)

  27. Cat filename (To open a file)

  28. Cp file1 file2 (Copy file1 to file2)

  29. cat file1 file2 (concatenates two files, i.e. It combines two files together and produces the output)

  30. rm filename (removes a file)

  31. rmdir (removes a directory)

  32. clear (used to clear the current window)

  33. cal (displays calendar)

  34. bc (command line calculator)

  35. echo (prints the given input)

  36. whatis (displays the purpose of a command)

  37. help (Displays help for a built-in command)

  38. alias (allows to create shortcut for a command)

  39. free (displays information about the free space in the system)

  40. awk (used to manipulate a file)

  41. time (used to measure program running time)

  42. pwd (prints the full address of the current directory)

  43. who (displays the users who are currently logged in)

  44. cmp (compares two files)

  45. head (prints the first few lines of the file)

  46. cut (used to cut selected lines in a file)

  47. date (prints the date and time)

  48. df (displays the space available on each mount)

  49. diff (used to find difference between two files)

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