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Nutrition

This overview explores the three macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Carbohydrates begin digestion in the mouth, providing immediate energy; proteins are mainly absorbed in the stomach for muscle repair and energy; and fats are broken down by bile in the small intestine, offering concentrated energy. Each macronutrient has specific caloric values: carbs and proteins yield 4 calories per gram while fats yield 9 calories per gram. Micronutrients, including vitamins and minerals, are also essential for body regulation and do not provide energy.

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Nutrition

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  1. Nutrition

  2. List the 3 macronutrients and where they are mainly digested • What is their function? Do Now

  3. Carbs – Begin to be digested in mouth/saliva • Energy • Protein – Mainly absorbed in stomach • Rebuild muscle / energy • Fat – Broken down by bile in SI • Energy Do Now

  4. Rough Draft Due Monday (Enjoy Prom!) • Label worksheet due tomorrow (should be plenty of time in class to get it done today) Homework

  5. What is a Calorie? • The ability to raise 1g of water by 1 degree C • Energy Calorie

  6. Carbs – 4 calories per gram • Protein – 4 calories per gram • Fat – 9 calories per gram Calories

  7. Body’s most efficient source of energy • Sugars • Starches • Fiber Carbohydrates

  8. Account for the structural component of the body • Growth, maintenance and repair of tissues Protein

  9. The most concentrated form of energy (9 Calories/gram) • However, intake of fatty acids are too high contributing to obesity Fats

  10. Vitamins • Essential v. Non-essential? • Minerals • Water • All are necessary for regulating body functions • They do NOT provide energy Micronutrients

  11. Needed in small amounts relative to carbs, fats, proteins and water • Includes antioxidants • Protect cells from destructive agents such as oxygen • May prevent premature aging, certain cancers and heart disease • Found in berries, beans and artichokes Vitamins

  12. Vitamins

  13. Rough Draft Due Monday (Enjoy Prom!) • Label worksheet due tomorrow (should be plenty of time in class to get it done today) Homework

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