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Physiology, Health & Exercise

Explore the concept of risk in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and analyze the incidence of CVD in different countries. Understand the risk factors associated with CVD and the influence of lifestyle choices on its prevalence.

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Physiology, Health & Exercise

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  1. Physiology, Health & Exercise Lesson 6 Risk and Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease

  2. What is risk? • The probability of some unwanted event or outcome occurring. • Collect an envelope with a set of events. • Put the events into order from the most likely to the least likely to cause death • Connect the chances of the event to the event i.e. out of 100,000 people how many would die from each event?

  3. What is risk- how did you do? • The answers would obviously be different if e.g. constantly running over railways lines, cross roads in a risky manner or smoke cigarettes. • Normally it is the perception of risk which drives people’s behaviour

  4. What is risk? • e.g. in the UK it became compulsory for children in the back of cars to wear seat belts in 1991. • However- the number of children killed & injured in car accidents increased after the new law came into effect. • Why? • Did drivers perceive a reduced risk for children so they drove less safely?

  5. What is risk? • There is a tendency for people to over-estimate the risk of sudden imposed dangers when the consequences are severe • And under-estimate a risk if it has long term effects even if they are severe

  6. What is the risk? In 2004 worldwide- • 1 human heart attack every 4 seconds • 1 stroke every 5 seconds In UK the risk of • a heart attack in any year is 1 in 440 • a fatal stroke in any year is 1 in 900

  7. What is the risk? • BUT these are whole population figures- does everyone in the population have the same chance of getting CVD? • What are the risk factors for CVD?

  8. Risk factors for CVD • Issue envelopes with tasks- presentations to be given on 28th February2008. • All the envelopes are different so you will be providing others with opportunities for making their own notes for this section.

  9. Incidence of CHD in UK and other countries • Is the prevalence of CHD the same all over the world? • Based on 2002 data. • Put the countries into rank order for their rate of CHD- highest to lowest.

  10. Incidence of CHD in UK and other countries Why these patterns? • Diet low in saturated fats compared to meat intensive e.g. Japan • Low smoking rates • Active lifestyles • CHD generally associated with affluence- but is now affecting people in developing countries – why? • Lifespan- if the population lives longer then there is a higher prevalence of CHD

  11. Incidence of CHD in UK and other countries • Complete the “Coronary Heart Disease” data handling activity

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