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Thursday, January 3, 2019

kbartlett
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Thursday, January 3, 2019

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  1. Thursday, January 3, 2019I will not be in school (at least not on a regular basis) for 2-6 weeks. The assignments that you are given are not optional. It is imperative that you complete the assignments (quizizz, readings, PPT, notetakers, hwk, etc.). It is equally important that you communicate with me when you have a question about a lesson. Mrs Turner has my number. You can call me from the classroom phone or from your cell during class (if you have verizon, you can make calls from my classroom – if the weather is cloudy, sit at the lab table in front of the big window to make the call).

  2. Thursday, January 3, 2019If you did not complete the monomer/polymer quizizz yesterday, do that now. https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5c23c9a7d74608001af706d2/mausome-monomers-and-polymers If you did complete that quizizz, continue to the next slide.

  3. Thursday, January 3, 2019For a review of yesterday’s lesson, complete the quizizz that accompanied the nucleic acid monomer/nucleotide PPT and notetaker. https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5c23dd9cd74608001af74431/mausome-dna-and-nucleotides If you did not yet read yesterday’s reading assignment (page 48), do so now.

  4. Thursday, January 3, 2019 Then begin to follow this PPT and complete your notetaker (section 2). When you have completed that, complete the quizizz review that accompanies it. https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5c23f5e6d74608001af78fb9/mausome-dna-structure Keep in mind, you are not completing the notetaker for the simple task of completing the notetaker, you should be trying to understand the information embedded in the PPT.

  5. Section 3C – Macromolecules (Nucleic Acids and Molecular Genetics) Part 2: DNA – Structure

  6. Part 2: DNA – Structure Solving the structure of DNA involved many experiments, over many years

  7. Part 2: DNA – Structure Objectives: Identify key players/contributions in DNA research Identify parts of a nucleotide, structure of DNA Describe complementary base-pairing of DNA Explain the organization of DNA in chromosomes

  8. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure I. DNA is a nucleic acid called deoxyribonucleic acid

  9. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure A. DNA is made of monomers called nucleotides

  10. Label the nucleotide accordingly Nitrogen base Phosphate group Deoxyribose (Pentose sugar)

  11. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure 1. DNA nucleotides contain one of four nitrogen containing bases

  12. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure a. Cytosine b. Thymine c. Guanine d. Adenine

  13. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure -Pyrimidines (thymine & cytosine) have 1 ring

  14. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure *mnemonic* Pyrimidines (thymine & cytosine) have 1 ring Small structure, big name

  15. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure Purines (A and G) are two rings

  16. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure Purines (A and G) are two rings *mnemonic* “Purine” has 2 syllables (2 rings) All Good things are PURE

  17. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure

  18. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure 2. Sequence of the basesprovide blueprintfor the organism

  19. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure C. (1950) Erwin Chargaff

  20. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure (1950) Erwin Chargaff

  21. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure

  22. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure What did Chargaff learn from his study? BPR

  23. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure 1. Chargaff’s data revealed that nucleotide ratios are conserved (consistent) across all species

  24. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure Meaning: The amount of A = T and C = G … always!

  25. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure (1951) Rosalind Franklin

  26. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure 1. Used X-ray diffraction to take pictures of DNA

  27. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure Produced: photo 51 which indicated DNA was shaped like a double helix

  28. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure E. (1953) James Watson and Francis Crick

  29. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure 1. Used the data of others to build a model of DNA

  30. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure a. Two outside strandsof alternating sugarsand phosphates heldtogether bycovalent bonds(rails of a ladder)

  31. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure b. Nitrogen bases “stack”on the inside(steps of a ladder)

  32. i. The complementary base-pairs are bonded thusly: G formshydrogen bonds to C andA forms H bonds to T Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure Sugar Sugar Sugar

  33. You do: How many H-bonds connect A-T? ____ Highlight them. How many H-bonds connect G-C? ____ Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure Sugar Sugar Sugar

  34. What type of line is used to represent H bonds? _______________ Remember: nucleotides are held together by covalent bonds. Are H bonds stronger or weaker than covalent bonds? _________________ Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure Sugar Sugar Sugar

  35. Examine Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure Sugar Sugar Sugar Thymine(T) Guanine (G) Adenine (A) Cytosine (C)

  36. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure

  37. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure c. The orientation of the twoDNA strands is calledanti-parallel

  38. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure You do: Draw a single arrow over the sugars on the left and another over the sugars on the right in order to represent the anti-parallel nature of the DNA molecule. Circle a nucleotide on the left handrail and circle one on the right handrail.

  39. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Structure d. Watson and Crickwon the 1953 Nobel Prize for their work on DNA structure

  40. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Organization To prevent tangling of DNA in eukaryotes:

  41. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Organization (1) DNA is wrapped around histone proteins

  42. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Organization (2) DNA coils around histones, forming nucleosomes

  43. Part 2: DNA – Structure DNA Organization (3) Nucleosomes coil into chromosomes DNA supercoil

  44. Part 2: DNA – Structure Activity – DNA Models When Watson and Crick solved the structure of DNA, it opened up the entire field of molecular biology.

  45. Part 2: DNA – Structure Complete this quizizzand the reading in your text book. https://quizizz.com/admin/quiz/5c23f5e6d74608001af78fb9/mausome-dna-structure Read pgs 344-348

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