B B L

1. B B L BBL: “KM with $0.00 budget” bp Learning Model : “Before, during and after” Rosa Santos March, 29 2007

2. BP model “before during after” Phase 1 Privatise Phase 2 Perform Phase 3 Accumulate Mobil JV Amoco Veba TNK Project 1990 1-2-5 Arco Castrol Petrochina

3. BP model “before during after” E&P R&M GP&R Marketing&Trading S P U’s Solar S P U’s LNG S P U’s S P U’s NGL B U B U B U B U B U B U B U B U B U Knowledge Management Infrastructure * Formal - tools and processes * Informal - culture

4. BP model “before during after” Culture = performance driven = learning and sharing learning is promoted leaders develop other leaders staff development performance contracts (collaboration) KM Tools and Processes Corporate Yellow Pages Virtual teams Intranet Clear ToR with clear simple objectives “how can KM make a difference in this simple process of getting biz results from biz objectives?” Peer Assist – Before After Action Review & Peer Challenge – During Learning After: examination and reflection

5. BP model “before during after” Learning Before : “stop before you do something to ask if others – inside and/or outside the company – have done this before; if so, you need to learn from them! • Use of existing tools (ie. Intra-internet, corporate YP, communities of practice, etc.. • Peer Assist/Challenge: • outsiders with needed expertise and/or different point of view • compelling biz reason that can be easily stated • requesting team: to select a large diverse group of people (job titles, salary bands, years of experience, etc… do not matter here – everyone has something to offer, everyone can learn from each other in service of the project’s success) • time and meeting deliverables are well defined • skilled facilitation is key • frame the right question to kick off the meeting • reframe the originating question during the peer discussion: many times what matters is learning what question to ask

6. BP model “before during after” Learning During : “stop after you have already done something; learn immediately after something has been done” After Action Review (AAR) "simple mechanism for individuals and teams to learn immediately from successes and failures”. The AAR deals with just 4 questions: What was supposed to happen? Everyone shares their understanding of what should have happened.  Establish how well the objective and plan were understood.  Identify actions to correct any lack of clarity.  Was there a terms of reference?  A work plan with objectives?  How clear was the plan understood? What actually happened? Establish the facts about what happened.  What is the ground truth?  Remember that ground truth is there to identify a problem, not a culprit.  Facts, not opinions.  To focus on the facts use these two questions: Why were there differences? What can we learn?

7. BP model “before during after” Learning During : “stop after you have already done something; learn immediately after something has been done” After Action Review (AAR) cted. Skilled Facilitation is key: The facilitator should be objective and make sure everyone contributes to the conversation.  If digression occurs, focus must be brought back to the purpose and question at hand. Climate: Set ground rules that focus on openness and learning.  The objective is to fix the problem if identified but not blame.  If no problems and the project went as expected, capture the learnings and concepts that can be useful to other teams.  Keep the conversation focused on the real problems and event that are substantial, not the smaller issues.  Recording: Determine ahead of time how the information is going to be captured and communicated.  Who are the other audiences that can benefit?  If there is an action list generated, make sure there is a name attached to each.  Will the team need a follow up meeting? Participation: Everyone involved in the event should participate and everyone should be on an equal basis.  Titles are left at the door.

8. BP model “before during after” Learning After : “review the project/activity that happened over a longer period of time; the purpose is to review what happened so it can be done better the next time” • “Lessons Learned” • using AAR approach but taking the time for examination and reflection • the outcome should be recommendations for action not “history” recording • single point of accountability to carry out LL, clear purpose, clear outcome: • treat this as a project.