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Bluetooth Technology

Bluetooth Technology . Jason Babel Kyle Musal Joshua Turella Zdravko Tyankov. History. 1994 – Ericsson Initiated Study Low-power, low-cost radio interface Unite computer devices and telecommunications. Beginnings. 09/1998 – Special Interest Group (SIG) Founded

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Bluetooth Technology

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  1. Bluetooth Technology • Jason Babel • Kyle Musal • Joshua Turella • Zdravko Tyankov

  2. History • 1994 – Ericsson Initiated Study • Low-power, low-cost radio interface • Unite computer devices and telecommunications

  3. Beginnings • 09/1998 – Special Interest Group (SIG) Founded • 12/1999 – Big Names Join Movement • Technology Was Free To Public

  4. The Name and Logo • Danish Viking King Harald Blatand • United Warring Factions of Denmark and Norway • Runic Letters Used For Logo

  5. Bluetooth Communication • Bluetooth operates on the ISM band (2.402-2.480GHz) • The ISM band is set aside for Industrial, Scientific and Medical devices. • ISM is a low powered unlicensed frequency band. http://bluetooth.com

  6. Bluetooth Communication • Bluetooth avoids interference by using spread-spectrum frequency hopping and a low power signal. • By using spread-spectrum frequency hopping a bluetooth device will change frequencies 1,600 times per second. • Bluetooth is low powered which means that only devices within 32 feet can potentially cause interference, when used to FCC standards. http://bluetooth.com

  7. Avoiding Interference • By using spread-spectrum frequency hopping, a bluetooth device can pick from 79 different channels within the ISM band; 1,600 times per second. • This avoids interference because if two Bluetooth devices operate on the same frequency and interfere with each other the interference will only last 1/1600 second. • This short period of interference will not be noticed by the user.

  8. Avoiding Interference • By using a low power signal a Bluetooth device reduces its chances of interference even further. • The chances of two Bluetooth devices potentially operating on the same frequency and interfering is low because of the short range. http://gpc.edu/~pgore/PhysicalScience/destructive.gif

  9. Bluetooth Security • Bluetooth devices can use a PIN to prevent unauthorized access. • Bluetooth devices can be set to undiscoverable; this prevents unauthorized users from accessing your Bluetooth device. http://www.securityfocus.com/infocus/1830

  10. Bluetooth Security • Bluetooth devices use a unique 48bit device identifier, a MAC address. This address takes the form 00:8F:DF:02:BF:7C. • Because of the amount of addresses it is difficult for a “hacker” to find the MAC address of a Bluetooth device set to undiscoverable. • The MAC address of Bluetooth devices is not encrypted during communication and maybe intercepted potentially allowing unauthorized access to your Bluetooth device.

  11. Bluetooth Security • Bluetooth’s frequency hopping technique makes it difficult to intercept its communication because the frequency is always changing. Equipment capable of synchronizing to the frequency hopping is needed and is very expensive. • Usually the data sent by Bluetooth devices is of low importance, meaning it has a inherently lower risk of interception or desire for interception. http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/bluetooth-card.jpg

  12. Bluetooth Security • Overall the risk of unauthorized access to your Bluetooth device is low because these methods and the high cost of equipment capable of synchronizing with Bluetooth frequency hopping. • However with all wireless communication there is some risk involved. http://www.cnet.com/i/ts/ces/2004/ps/BluetoothPhone_OVR_300.gif

  13. So What Exactly is Bluetooth? • Hardware • A chip that establishes links and protocols • Software • Where the user actual can interact • Programs are written to handle the data

  14. Hardware • A chip that creates a Bluetooth connection • Usually Low Power • 1 milliwatt signal • Avoids Interference • Limits Range • 10 Meters (32 Feet) http://www.a7eng.com/products/embeddedblue/images/eb501_top.jpg

  15. Hardware • Serial Adapter • Replaces current serial wires with this chip to create a Bluetooth connection between devices • Similar designs can be found for other I/O ports such as USB Antenna Attachment DC Input Serial Port http://www.a7eng.com/products/embeddedblue/images/eb501_top.jpg

  16. Software • Once connection is established, the software determines what to do with data • User can create his/her own applications if savvy enough

  17. Software • A Multitude of Software is out there • Software to do things such as: • Transfer files to and from your phone • Route Mobile Calls to Your Home Phone when in Range • Use your Phone as a remote for you computer (good for PowerPoint presentations)

  18. S M P S S P P M S Piconet • A group of Bluetooth devices communicating with each other • 1 master, up to 7 slaves • Master determines hopping pattern M=Master SB=Standby P=Parked S=Slave http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/~sharmav/bluetooth/archive.htm

  19. fk fk+1 fk+2 fk+3 Master Slave1 t 625 ms 625 ms Slot2 Slot4 Slot 1 Slot 3 Frame 1 Frame 2 Sending in a Piconet http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/~sharmav/bluetooth/archive.htm

  20. Slave2 Sending in a Piconet fk fk+1 fk+2 fk+3 fk+4 fk+5 Master Slave1 http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/~sharmav/bluetooth/archive.htm

  21. Ten active piconets • 1000 transmission slots • 56 collisions • 112 slots corrupted • ~89% net efficiency Piconet Efficiency http://eceserv0.ece.wisc.edu/~sharmav/bluetooth/archive.htm

  22. Pairing • To become paired: • Two devices A and B • A is searching for other devices to connect to it • B enters the range and A detects it • A Passkey is entered into both devices • If A’s Passkey matches B’s passkey • A trusted pair is formed • As long as it is enabled on the devices, authentication shouldn’t have to be done again if Device B leaves range and enters again later

  23. How it all fits together • There is a Bluetooth Piconet already set up. • Lets say in it there is currently a computer, a stereo, and the house lighting in it. • The Computer is the Master • Another Bluetooth device is a Bluetooth House phone not connected to any system • So what can we do? • Computer can control the lights and stereo. Home Phone Stereo Lights Computer Slave Master

  24. Things to Realize • The Computer talks to both the Stereo and the Lights, and they both talk back. • Stereo and Lights never talk to each other • Computer determines hop pattern. • All Devices Have Been on the Network Before • Already Paired

  25. Enter New Device • Add a Cell phone • Person Walks into Room • As it gets in range a radio signal is sent out with its address • A range of addresses are given for the type of device • If a device can connect to the device (it knows what range addresses it can connect to) it will.

  26. We’re Talking Now • The Computer and Home phone respond • The Computer sees that it has paired with it before and connects it as a slave to its group • The Computer sets up the pseudo-random hopping sequence using its clock and address • The Cell Phone does the same with the Home Phone

  27. Alright… • Now the Cell Phone can send and receive files from the computer. • The Cell Phone will now route all calls to the Home Phone. • Two Piconets have been formed Home Phone Stereo Lights Computer Cell Slave Master

  28. Advantages • Bluetooth Devices are wireless • Bluetooth Tech is inexpensive • Bluetooth is automatic • Standardized Protocol

  29. Advantages • Low Interference • Low Energy Consumption • Share Voice and Data • Endless applications…

  30. Disadvantages • Low Data Transfer Rate • 721 Kbps • Range – 30ft • Mediocre Security • bluejacking • bluebugging • bluesnarfing • Car Whisperer

  31. Where is it used? • Wireless Control & Communication • Data Transmission • Cordless Desktop PC • Mobile Gaming

  32. Wireless Control & Communication • Communication between: • Cell phone and a hands-free headset • PC and wireless input and output devices • Game Consoles and their wireless controllers

  33. Data Transmission • Bluetooth enabled devices: • Mobile phones • Smartphones • PDAs • Notebooks • GPS Receivers • Data types: • Voice, Video, Images, Files and Data

  34. Cordless Desktop PC • Connection between PC and it’s peripherals: • Mouse • Keyboard/game pad • Printer/Scanner • Speaker system • Modems • Cameras

  35. Mobile Gaming • Devices: • Nokia N-gage • Gizmondo • Purpose: • New level of gaming • Play with all your friends • Play anytime, anyplace

  36. The Future • 05/2005 – Announced To Team Up With UWB Developers (~480mbits/s) • Estimated 2 Billion Devices Shipped Per Year By 2010

  37. Questions Questions?

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