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Notations for Keyboard and GID Actions

Learn notations and actions for keyboard and graphical input devices, such as tap, click, double click, press and hold, release, and more. Explore keystroke level modeling and the concepts of Raskin/Beck. Discover task analysis, GOMS modeling, and motor behavior models. Dive into research project elements like hypotheses, variables, and experimental design.

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Notations for Keyboard and GID Actions

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  1. CSC 8570 -- USI Class Meeting 4 September 13, 2006

  2. Notations for Actions Actions for a keyboard and graphical input device (GID) include: • Tap: pressing and immediately releasing a key. Implemented with a momentary contact (spring-loaded) switch. • Click: Position the GID and tap the GID button. • Double click: Position the GID and tap the GID button twice quickly, without repositioning.

  3. Notation for Actions (2) • Keystroke Level Model • K[ ], a keystroke. E.g. K[b] means tapping lower case b • P, pointing. E.g. positioning the GID • H, homing. E.g. moving from keyboard to GID or GID to keyboard • M, mental processing • R, responding

  4. Notations for Action (3) • What does the description To create a right justified paragraph, use Control + . ask you to do?

  5. Notations for Action (4) More actions: • Press and hold a key • Release a key • But on what signal or input?

  6. Notations and Actions (5) • Raskin/Beck • Press and hold: bi • Release: bh • Tap: bibh, shortened to bih or just b • Release on signal: bh[ ] • Note that key names are italicized • Examples: • Create an upper case M: ShiftimimhShifth, shortened to Shiftimihh

  7. Notations for Action (6) • Examples (continued) • Distinguish between Enter and E n t e r Enter is the name of a key and E n t e r is short for Eihnihtiheihrih • bih[20] gives a string of bs • CtrliAltiDelihhh brings up the Task Manager

  8. Clock Setting • Set the clock one hour earlier, the common action at the end of daylight savings time. • GOMS model • Goal: stated above • Operations: • Methods: • Selection Rule:

  9. Bad Interfaces • Detectable with GOMS model?

  10. Interfaces and Widgets What can a user do? When? Where? How effectively? • Catalog of interface actions • Catalog of interface widgets

  11. Modeling Actions • Task analysis: temporal issues • GOMS analysis: method issues • Keystroke level: operator issues

  12. Task Analysis • Describes the process the user chooses to reach a goal in a specific domain • Hierarchical description, typically • Task modeling systems • GOMS (?) • ConcurTaskTrees • UAN (User Action Notation)

  13. Research Project • Hypotheses (tonight) • Independent variables (tonight) • Dependent variables (tonight) • Bibliography (next week) • Background • Formal setting (let’s talk)

  14. Theory Collection Visual processing • Three-stage visual system • Preattentive processing theory • Structured object perception theory (Biederman) • Scientific color theory (CIE)

  15. Theory Collection (2) Motor Behavior Models • Hick-Hyman Law: choice time • Keystroke-Level Model: error-free task completion time • Three-state model of graphical input (Buxton) • Fitts’ Law: human movement • Guiard’s Model of Bimanual Skill

  16. Theory Collection (3) Task analysis • Hierarchical model using ConcurTaskTrees

  17. Research Project (2) • Experimental design • Between subjects • Within subjects • Sources of bias • Sources of subjects • Logic of conclusions

  18. Research Project (3) • Institutional Review Board (IRB) • IRB form • Informed consent

  19. Research Project (4) • Short presentation • One spokesperson • Five minutes • Hypothesis, variables, initial experimental design • PowerPoint or transparencies

  20. Next Time • Read Carroll, Chapter 6. Note that this chapter describes several “spaces.” • Create a concept map that shows the relationships between these “spaces.” Make sure your map is labeled with your name so that it can be submitted. • Submit a revised IRB form and bibliography. • Research project presentation

  21. Research Team Meetings

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