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Understanding Hemorrhoids and Diverticulosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Complications

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This comprehensive overview explores the medical conditions of hemorrhoids and diverticulosis, highlighting their causes, symptoms, and complications. Hemorrhoids can occur due to increased abdominal pressure from activities like Valsalva, while diverticulosis involves full-thickness bowel outpocketing associated with increased luminal pressure, age, and low dietary fiber intake. The discussion covers the clinical implications of diverticulitis, including inflammation, perforation risks, and the importance of early detection to prevent serious complications.

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Understanding Hemorrhoids and Diverticulosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Complications

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Lec 9.1.3

  2. HEMORRHOIDS • INCREASED INTRABDOMINAL PRESSURE • i.e., VALSALVA • INTERNAL vs. EXTERNAL

  3. DIVERTICULOSIS/-ITIS • FULL THICKNESS BOWEL OUTPOCKETING • Assoc. w.: • INCREASED LUMINAL PRESSURE, ↑transit time • AGE • LR (decreased liquidity) • Decreased dietary FIBER • Weakening of wall

  4. DIVERTICULOSIS/-IT IS(CLINICAL) • IMPACTION • INFLAMMATION (“appendicitis” syndrome) • PERFORATION Peritonitis, local, diffuse • BLEED, silently, even fatally • OBSTRUCT • EXTREMELY EXTREMELY COMMON • NOT assoc. w. neoplasm, but mimic carcinomas clinically, radiologically, surgically, and grossly!

  5. Formation of colonic diverticuli The most commonly known colonic diverticuli are pseudo diverticuli – composed of only mucosa on the luminal side and serosa externally. Why are these called “pseudo” or false? Diverticuli resemble hernias of the colonic wall in that they occur @ sites of entry of mucosal arteries as they pass through the muscularis – this represents a weak spot that leads to a diverticulum if the individual generates high colonic intraluminal pressure (low fiber diet)

  6. DIVERTICULOSIS

  7. DIVERTICULITIS

  8. DIVERTICULITIS

  9. OBSTRUCTION • ANATOMY • ADHESIONS (post-surgical) • IMPACTION • HERNIAS • VOLVULUS • INTUSSUSCEPTION • TUMORS • INFLAMMATION, such as IBD (Crohn) or divertics • STRICTURES/ATRESIAS • STONES, FECALITHS, FOREIGN BODIES • CONGENITAL BANDS, MECOMIUM, INPERF. ANUS

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