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The Age of Romanticism

The Age of Romanticism. An Age of Passion, Rebellion, and Creativity. Reason. The Age of Romanticism.

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The Age of Romanticism

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  1. The Age of Romanticism An Age of Passion, Rebellion, and Creativity

  2. Reason The Age of Romanticism Several centuries B.C., Plato described humans as a careful balance of reason, passions, and appetites, with reason as the guide. The Age of Reason elevated reason, but perhaps suppressed passions too much. For some, the emphasis on reason had gotten out of balance with the rest of human nature.

  3. Qualities of Romanticism • Love of Nature • Idealization of Rural Living • Faith in Common People • Emphasis on Freedom and Individualism • Spontaneity, intuition, feeling, imagination, wonder • Passionate individual religiosity • Life after death; Organic view of the World

  4. QUALITIES OF ROMANTICISM Love of Nature “Are not the mountains, waves, and skies, a part Of me and my soul, as I of them?” Byron “[A mountain is] the type of a majestic intellect, . . . There I beheld the emblem of a giant mind that feeds upon infinity.” Wordsworth

  5. Nature in the raw, wild state. Awe-inspiring. Sublime. Divine. The Wanderer above the Mists 1817-8 Casper Friedrich

  6. QUALITIES OF ROMANTICISM • Idealization of rural living “I met a little Cottage Girl: She was eight years old, she said; Her hair was thick with many a curl That clustered round her head. She had a rustic, woodland air, An she was wildly clad: Her eyes were fair, and very fair; --Her beauty made me glad.” Wordsworth

  7. The exaltation of a simple honest life Woman Baking Bread 1853-4 Jean-Francois Millet

  8. Primitive. Exotic. Portrait of a Negress Marie-Guillemine Benoist

  9. Miraculous Source Paul Gaugin

  10. Le Grande Odalisque 1814 Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres Turkish Harem Girl

  11. QUALITIES OF ROMANTICISM • Faith in Common People “For there’s not a man that lives who hath not known his god-like hours” Wordsworth Man is as “a god, though in the germ.” Browning

  12. Honore Daumier 1862--realism

  13. Faith in Common People Gustave Courbet 1849

  14. QUALITIES OF ROMANTICISM • Emphasis on Freedom and Individualism • Political freedom--American and French Revolution(liberty, equality, fraternity); antislavery movements • “Men of England, wherefore plough For the lords who lay ye low? Wherefore weave with toil and care The rich robes your tyrants wear? . . . Wherefore, Bees of England, forge Many a weapon, chain, and scourge, . . . Sow seed,--but let no tyrant reap; Find wealth,--let no imposter heap;” Shelley • “If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer. Thoreau

  15. Commoners seeking their rights.

  16. Eugene Delacroix Liberty Leading the People

  17. TheRaft of the Medussa - 1818 Theodore Gericault

  18. Francisco de Goya • Execution of the Citizens • of Madrid, 3 May 1808 • 1814

  19. QUALITIES OF ROMANTICISM • Spontaneity, intuition, feeling, imagination, wonder • “Jesus was all virtue, and acted from impulse, not from rules.” Blake • “[Poetry] is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling” and is put into art “from emotion recollected in tranquility.” Wordsworth

  20. QUALITIES OF ROMANTICISM • Passionate individual religiosity • Protestant view of each man his own intermediary with Christ • Transcendentalism – intuition is a means of knowing a spiritual reality. God is in nature and humanity. • “Man has no Body distinct from his Soul; for that call’d Body is a portion of Soul discern’d by the five senses, the chief inlets of Soul in this age.”William Blake

  21. QUALITIES OF ROMANTICISM • Life after death • Organic view of the world

  22. Delacroix Dante and Virgil in Hell 1822

  23. Romanticism: A Poetic Age • Wordsworth-- [Poetry is] the spontaneous overflow of powerful emotions recollected in tranquility. • Hazlitt--[poetry is] the language of imagination and the passions. • Shelley--[poetry redeems from decay] the visitations of the divine in man. • Keats--[If poetry] comes not as naturally as the Leaves to a tree it had better not come at all.

  24. Romanticism: A Poetic Age • Popular forms: blank verse, the ballad, the short lyric, Rime Royal stanzas, Spenserian stanzas, the sonnet • Meter: lines were often enjambed, loose, with a free use of caesura and other spontaneous breaks in patterns. “. . . spinning still The rapid line of motion, then at once Have I, reclining back upon my heels, Stopped short; yet still the solitary cliffs Wheeled by me -- . . .” (Wordsworth-- “The Prelude”)

  25. Gothic Models Replace Greco-Roman Architecture

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