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Chapter 6 Lecture : September 20, 2013

Chapter 6 Lecture : September 20, 2013. Teacher Notes As requested by Amazing Students. Contest: England, France, Spain 1688-1763: four bitter wars, all world wars 9 since 1688, Americans involved in all! France latecomer to the real estate

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Chapter 6 Lecture : September 20, 2013

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  1. Chapter 6Lecture: September 20, 2013 Teacher Notes As requested by Amazing Students

  2. Contest: England, France, Spain • 1688-1763: four bitter wars, all world wars • 9 since 1688, Americans involved in all! • France latecomer to the real estate • 1572: St Bartholomew’s Day: Hugenots- men, women, and children- butchered in cold blood • 1598: Edict of Nantes: granted limited toleration to French protestants • 1608 Quebec established under Samuel Champlain, intrepid soldier and explorer “Father of New France.” • Friendly relations with Huron Indians • Battled against the Iroquois and lost • This stopped movement into Ohio Valley

  3. Built a fur trade business • Recruited Indians for the business • Littered the land with influence • Baton Rouge • Des Moines • Grand Teton • Terre Haute (high land) • French Catholic missionaries worked to save French from fur-trappers and save them for Jesus • Neither souls, nor fur, but empire • 1701: Antoine Cadillac founded Detroit, “City of Straits” • Robert de La Salle Mississippi • Louisiana in honor of King Louis XIV • MS: life-blood of the nation • Primitive Guerilla warfare resulted between conflicting groups • British un-effective against Quebec and Montreal

  4. Torch and tomahawk, wins and losses. Bloody violence and an outcome of victory for the British against the French (and Spanish allies) • Uthrecht of 1713: British received spoils of war • Decades of “salutary neglect” provide fertile soils for revolution • War of Jenkin’s Ear: 1739 British and Spanish fought in Caribbean and Colony of Georgia • Oglethorpe fought the Spanish • Larger scale war in Europe: War of Austrian Succession

  5. New Englanders capture Louisbourg, 1745: Though the New Englanders captured the fort of Louisbourg, the peace treaty gave the land back to the French. This angered the American colonists (felt betrayed by English government)

  6. George Washington inaugurates War with France • Ohio Valley: critical bone of contention • Key to the continent: the French had to retain it • Alarmed by cut-throat fur trade and land-grabbing of the French: determined to FIGHT for empire, economic security and supremacy • Rivalry for lush land • 1749, Washington had legal “rights” to 500,000 acres in the region • Fort Duquesne: modern Pittsburg • 1754: Washington Lieutenant Colonel commanded 150 militiamen • VA fired first shots; “I heard the bullets whistle, and believe me, there is something charming in the sound.” It soon lost its charm. • Fort Necessity was formed and Washington was forced to surrender entire command July 1754 • Permitted to march away with full honors of war

  7. British prepared for the worse in Nova Scotia • Uprooted 4000 French who were scattered as far south as Louisiana (now called Cajuns).

  8. Seven Years War-seven seas war: Philippines, Africa, West Indies, and ocean • In Europe: Britain and Prussia vs. France, Spain, Austria, Russia • Bloodiest battle in Europe was in “Germany” Frederick the Great repelled the French

  9. Colonists had issues with pulling together • Albany Plan: 1754 Franklin • Delegates from 7 of 13 colonies • Short range Focus on Iroquois allies • Long-range achieve unity • Franklins Join or Die: leading spirit of Albany Congress

  10. Bull-headed Braddock 60 year old egotistical scanty supplies, 2000 men to capture Fort Duquesne ill-disciplined militianmen (buckskins) used behind the tree methods of fighting. Earned him “bulldog” nickname. Heavy artillery slowed him • A few miles out, George Wash experiences murderous fire into ranks of the redcoats, two horse shot out from under him • Loss after loss…tough start • Wash and troops defended best they could. • British launched full scale invasion of Canada in 1756

  11. William Pitt: superlative leader known as the “Great Commoner” • Drew his confidence from the people who admired him for his strength • Splendid orator majestic voice. • Foremost leader in London government • Organizaer of victory • Pull away from W Indies and concentrate on Quebec and Motreal. • Picked energetic competent leaders. • Powerful expedition 1758 against Louisbourg • FIRST significant victory for British

  12. Battle of Quebec most significant battle • Motreal fell, it was over last time the French flag flew in Canada • Treaty of Versailles 1763 • See map on 119 • Read aftermath 120-121 • Focuses on Pontiac and Proclamation

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