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Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age

Explore the political turmoil and economic challenges faced during the Gilded Age in the 19th century, including the presidency of Grant, the Depression of 1873, Jim Crow laws, and the Compromise of 1887. Witness the rise of contentious political figures and the struggles of marginalized groups.

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Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age

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  1. Political Paralysis in the Gilded Age Chapter 23 Emily, John, Sam, Garrett Mark Twain wrote, The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today in 1873

  2. Prelude to the Gilded Age • The Civil War • Aftermath • Abraham Lincoln promised a new birth of freedom, unfortunately… • Grant, great soldier, atrocious politician

  3. Bloody Shirt Elects Grant • Nominated by Republicans in 1868 • Republicans “bloody shirt” • “Vote as you Shot” • Democrats elect Horatio Seymour • Electoral Votes: Grant 214 to Seymour 80 • Popular Vote 3 Million to 2.7 Million • Slaves votes • MS, TX, VA votes not counted

  4. Depression, Deflation, and Inflation • Panic of 1873 • Railroads, mines, factories, grainfields • Freedmen’s Bureau crash • Debtors favor Greenbacks • Creditors favor hard money • Resumption Act of 1875 • Causes: Democratic House of Reps in 1874 • And Greenback Labor Party in 1878

  5. Pallid Politics • Political Seesaw • Change of party in House 6 times in 11 Sessions • Dems and Repubssee eye to eye • Republicans- Trace lineage to Puritanism • Strict Morality • Democrats- Lineage to Lutheran and Roman Catholics • Tolerance for differences

  6. Hayes Tilden Standoff • Rutherford B. Hayes- unknown Republican • Samuel J. Tilden- campaigned against Republican scandal • Election ended in tie and led to the Compromise of 1887

  7. Compromise of 1887 • Electoral deadlock in Florida, Louisiana, and S. Carolina • The deadlock was broken with the Electoral Count Act • The Democrats let Hayes have the presidency if the troops in the South were removed and a subsidy to construct a Tex-Pacific rail line.

  8. Jim Crow laws • Freedmen found themselves working for former slave owners • The South made Jim Crow laws that supported segragation • Plessy v. Furgeson (1896)

  9. Irish v. Chinese • Denis Kearney led a fight against the Chinese

  10. Garfield & Arthur • Republicans Repute Hayes for reelection, an replace him with James A. Garfield • Charles J. Guiteau shot Garfield • Pendleton Act of 1883

  11. The Chinese • 19th century burgeoning industries • Chinese answered the call • First Chinese • China’s government collapses • Chinese society in America • 1868 Treaty with China • Immigrant Clubs • Anti-Chinese agitation • Chinese Exclusion Act. Removal Burlingame Treaty of 1880

  12. Blaine Cleveland Mudslingers of 1884 • James G. Blaine, Republican nominee • Mulligan’s letters • Democrats choose Grover Cleveland • Campaign of 1884 • Cleveland elected

  13. Old Grover Takes Over • Supported laissez-faire • Narrowed North-South Chasm • Favored democrats • Military pensions • Battles for a Lower Tarriff • Risked political neck • 1881 treasury surplus • Election of 1888 Harrison vs. Cleveland

  14. Billion Dollar Congress • Republicans regain control • Control of the house • Thomas B. Preed • Tactics • Congress spends billions of dollars • Higher tarrifs • Bad for farmers

  15. Drumbeat of Discontent • New party (populists) • Wanted free silver • Strikes • Violent supression • Showing in 1892 election (electoral votes) • Couldn’t carry both because of race • Tightened voting restriction on blacks

  16. Cleveland and Depression • Elected again in 1892 • Depression of 1893 over building and speculation • Repeals Sherman Sewer Purchase Act • William Jennings Bryan • Turns to JP Morgan for loans

  17. Backlash • People view sellout of government • Wilson-carman tariff • Cleveland, Party blamed • Election of 1896

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