The Paramount Importance of Standards to Operators, Vendors and Users

1. The Paramount Importance of Standards to Operators, Vendors and Users Keith Dickerson BT Group Technology Office 21 September 2005

2. Agenda • Current situation in standards • The shape of the standards world • BT’s 21st Century Network (NGN) • What are the important standards bodies for the NGN? • Problems with way standards are developed • Ways forward to solve problems • Conclusions

3. What is the Current situation in Standards? • Multiple networks exaggerate the cost of multiple standards. • Cost of interworking is high. • All telcos under pressure to reduce expense on standards • Growing complexity from multiple fora • More and more uses are global (mobile, WLAN, Internet etc) with more and more users travelling. • Need for a radical drive to the NGN – speed is essential. • Standards must be global

4. 21C aims • Revolutionise customer experience • Make it easier to buy and use services • Enable customers • Deliver innovative products more rapidly • Rapid service creation & implementation • With more people creating new services • Make it simpler to deliver and maintain service • Process, systems & network automation • Transform the cost base of the Company • Enabler of whole life cost reduction (CAPEX & OPEX)

5. The overall architecture framework.. Supplier Management Portfolio Management Business Intelligence Authentication & Authorisation Knowledge Management & Collaboration Finance Business Support ExternalInterfaces Enterprise Management Commercial & Customer Management Partners & OLOs Selling, Customer & Channel Management Billing Proposition Creation & Handling ICT Contract Handling Trading Gateways Front Office functions Customers and users Outsourcing Management Service Management Service Execution Portal Functions Service Assurance Application Content BT People Profile Management Network location Service Fulfillment Application exposure Session control Inventory Management Presence Mediation & Pricing 3rd party APs Messaging Service Management agents Connectivity resources Media Resources Personal Comms Devices Resource Management on-demand Computing (application hosting) Network Management Network Engineering Enterprise & Premises Access, Aggregate & Backhaul Metro Core Optics & MPLS Workforce Management & Professional Services Technology Management 21C Network Integration & application development framework

6. Policy Control CG CG CG CG NTE NTE NTE NTE High touch processing Internet Peering Packet switch Multi-service MPLS Storage & Processing SDH switch L1 Transport Voice Optical switch 21C High Level Network Architecture Applications Layer Capability Exposure Layer Intelligence (session control, resource management etc.) Roaming & Remote Access i-Node Nomadic Internet Profile Authentication Directory Location Call-server Presence Resource Management Home Network OLO’s, MNO’s, ISP’s, ASP,s Home Network Branch Office xDSL Packet switched core network (MPLS/DWDM) SDH, GFP, GE LAN Fibre - copper Resilient backhaul Corporate / Campus Fibre LAN Apps hosting and Datacentres OSS / BSS (end to end service management etc.) Data Centre High bandwidth direct links to Metro LAN Customer Environment MSAN Metro Node Core Node

7. rd 3 Party AE Applications & Services SIP Application Servers SIP Application Server External AS AS AS OSA AS Applications OSA AS Call Application Servers OSA SCS SIP Stack ISC SBR Sh IMS (ENUM) Presence SCIM Cx HSS ISC plus Messaging PSTN Mw Call Server P2 I - CSCF S - CSCF CAC AGCF Other BWM BCF Mw IMS P - CSCF Mw SPDF Mr Mg Gq ’ Gm Rq POTs SPDF A - RACF SGF MRFC MGCF C7 H248 Mp SIP Ia Re Mn Media Server M PSTN S Media Border Other TDM MPLS/IP IAD Backhaul Gateway Networks Gateway A Network BRAS N Border Other IP Gateway Networks MSAN and Access Metro and Core WiMax /WLAN 21C/TISPAN architecture with example interconnect services… 1 LLU 2 IP Stream etc Wholesale Line Rental 3 MSAN Voice (SIP) 4c 5 MSAN Voice (Media) 4 m Web Services 5 3 4 1 2 4 m

8. Why standards… • To enable new services • must operate on global basis • To reduce costs • commoditisation of equipment • To meet regulatory requirements • essential interfaces • To ensure accessibility/safety/security, etc

9. Highest Priority 21C Standards Requirements • Multi-service carrier-scale core • enabled by underlying ‘MPLSv2’ network • Mobility enabled intelligence • Extending the IMS to Wi-Fi and fixed Broadband access • PSTN replacement • H248/IP network able to provide telephony features • Session based QoS • Session Control • extensions to SIP with full multimedia capability • Billing and charging (data interchange billing) between operators • Manageability • commoditised componentised OSS • Security • authentication across networks / operators • Home Gateways/Networks

10. Important Standards Bodies for 21CN • ETSI – TISPAN and 3GPP • ITU – Global standards • ATIS – US standards priorities • IETF – IPv6, SIP extensions, MPLS, etc • TMF, with OSS/J – standardised OSS components • MSF – Interoperability of VoIP elements of NGN • Open Mobile Alliance (OMA), with Parlay – (Mobile) Applications, DRM • Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) – role of Ethernet in transport network • DSL forum, DSL and QoS architectures • IEEE 802.11x – Wi-Fi hotspots • W3C – Privacy, Web Services • WiMAX forum

11. Problems… • Plethora of Standards Bodies and Fora • Service Providers don’t have enough influence over standards • The IETF doesn’t work anymore • The IPR morass

12. There are so many standards bodies out there • CEN/ISSS Consortia Survey • www.cenorm.be/isss • ETSI FORAwatch • www.etsi.org/forawatch • Over 500 standards bodies and fora listed

13. Standards “Food Chain”

14. ITU-R, ECC, National bodies and EU FSAN FMCA HGI OMTP TMF ETSI TISPAN ITU-T SG15 ITU-T FGNGN ETSI TM6 3GPP IEEE 802 ATIS NIPP NAI ETSI TM6 ITU-T SG15 DSL-F IEEE 802 IETF DSL-F WiMAX-F ETSI BRAN WiFi-A FSAN MSF OMA EU IST-P DSL-F, FMCA, MSF, OMA Access Network Standards

15. Service Providers don’t have enough influence • SPs used to drive formal standards • Economic downturn caused SPs to withdraw from standards • Competitors not collaborators • IETF working to different business model

16. IETF doesn’t work anymore • Developing standards in best interests of the Internet "The purpose of the IETF is to create high quality, relevant, and timely standards for the Internet.” • Dominated by vendors • Doesn’t listen to Service Providers

17. The IPR Morass • Most bodies adopt RAND (or FRAND) policy • RF is a special case of RAND • What is “fair and reasonable”? • What is “essential”? • What is a late declaration? • Problem of ambushing (or submarining)

18. So how can we get the Standards we need to build NGNs? • Coordinate existing bodies better • Use formal and informal standards bodies appropriately • Use bodies such as ATIS to promote needed standards • Create Service Provider Requirements fora • Promote fora specifications to formal standards • Harness the IETF • Encourage Royalty Free IPR policies

19. Examples of good coordination • ICT Standards Board • Informal Forums Summit • ISO/IEC/ITU MoU on eCommerce • Multi-Service Forum (MSF)

20. ANEC ATM Forum CEN CENELEC DVB EBU ECBS Ecma International EFTA Secretariat EICTA ERTICO ETSI European Commission ISOC (IETF) Liberty Alliance NORMAPME OASIS OMA OMG OSGi RosettaNet The Open Group TMF W3C ICT Standards Board

21. Why ICTSB? • Reaction to convergence of information technology, telecommunications, broadcasting and entertainment industries • Need to reduce overlaps between activities of European Standards Organisations (ESOs) • Need to involve (many) fora and consortia • Provide European focus for Global ICT Standardization

22. What does ICTSB do? • Analyses requirements from any competent source based on concrete market needs • Translates these requirements into coherent standards work programmes • Allocates work items to members and reviews progress against objectives ICTSB (and WGs) does not produce standards

23. ICTSFG Report – April 2005 4 Streams • Structure and organization of ICT standardization at global, regional and national level • Role of public authorities in ICT standardization, including Government as regulator, enforcer and major procurer • Economics of ICT standardization, including educational, promotional and awareness issues • Role of end-users

24. Relationship between formal and informal bodies • Fora / consortia should develop more systematic relationships with formal standards bodies • Formal standards bodies should adopt more pro-active approach towards consortia • Global consortia should take account of regional dimension • Co-ordination between consortia and formal SDOs should be improved by encouraging development of issue-specific coordinating bodies

25. Promoting Forum Specifications to Formal Standards Examples of successful processes: • European DVB agreement with ETSI • Fast track and PAS procedures in ISO/IEC JTC1 • Focus Group (A.7) procedure in ITU-T

26. Service Provider Requirements groups • e.g. MPLS & Frame Relay Alliance (MFA) • FSAN VDSL • IPsphere is considering • WG Chair model instead? • Service Providers only? • Must have formal route into other WGs • Must not be at expense of Board positions

27. What to do about IPR? • Insistence on RF doesn’t work • companies do it outside • Insist on early declaration • Encourage RF where possible • e.g. CEN/CENELEC IPR policy: “If in exceptional cases, technical reasons justify the preparation of a European Standard in terms which include the use of a patented item, there is no objection in principle to such a step, even if the terms are such that there are no alternative means of compliance”

28. Conclusions • NGN will only succeed based on globally standardised components • Standards bodies need to collaborate between fora, regional and global standards bodies • We should only write the standard once and end point should be global standard in the ITU • Everyone wins: • vendors • operators • users