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Understanding Communicable Diseases

Understanding Communicable Diseases. In this chapter, you will Learn About… Types of germs that can cause diseases. The function of the immune system. Some common communicable diseases. Diseases that are transmitted by sexual contact. Preventing the spread of communicable diseases.

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Understanding Communicable Diseases

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  1. Understanding Communicable Diseases In this chapter, you will Learn About… • Types of germs that can cause diseases. • The function of the immune system. • Some common communicable diseases. • Diseases that are transmitted by sexual contact. • Preventing the spread of communicable diseases.

  2. Causes of Communicable Diseases In this lesson, you will Learn About… • Types of germs that can cause disease. • What an infection is. • How germs are spread.

  3. Causes of Communicable Diseases The Vocabularyterms in this lesson are: • Disease. • Communicable disease. • Germs. • Pathogens. • Infection. • Viruses. • Bacteria. • Fungi. • Protozoa.

  4. Germs and Diseases A disease is any condition that interferes with the proper functioning of the body or mind. A communicable disease is a disease that can be spread to a person from another person, an animal, or an object. All communicable diseases are caused by germs.

  5. Germs and Diseases (cont’d.) The germs that are responsible for causing disease are known as pathogens. An infection is a condition that occurs when pathogens enter the body, multiply, and damage body cells. If the body is not able to fight off the infection, a disease develops.

  6. Types of Pathogens Types of pathogens include the following: • Viruses – The smallest and simplest disease-causing organisms • Bacteria – Tiny one-celled organisms that live nearly everywhere • Fungi – Primitive life-forms, such as molds or yeasts, that cannot make their own food • Protozoa – One-celled organisms that have a more complex structure than bacteria

  7. Pathogens and the Diseases They Cause Pathogens Diseases AIDS, chicken pox, colds, hepatitis, herpes, influenza, measles, mononucleosis, mumps, polio, rabies, smallpox, viral pneumonia. Viruses Bacterial pneumonia, diphtheria, most foodborne, illness, gonorrhea, Lyme disease, pinkeye, strep throat, tuberculosis. Bacteria Athletes foot, ringworm. Fungi Amebic dysentery, malaria. Protozoa

  8. How Pathogens Are Spread Pathogens can be spread in several ways: • Direct contact with others • Indirect contact, such as sneezing • Contact with animals or insects • Contaminated food and water • Contact with someone’s blood • Sexual contact

  9. Reviewing Terms and Facts • Define the terms disease and communicable disease. A disease is any condition that interferes with the proper functioning of the body or mind. A communicable disease is a disease that can be spread to a person from another person, an animal, or an object.

  10. Reviewing Terms and Facts • What are six ways in which pathogens spread? • Direct contact with others • Indirect contact • Contact with animals or insects • Contaminated food and water • Contact with someone else’s blood • Sexual contact

  11. Thinking Critically • Is it more difficult to protect yourself from pathogens that are spread through direct contact or indirect contact? Explain your answer.

  12. Vocabulary Review A disease is any condition that interferes with the proper functioning of the body or mind.

  13. Vocabulary Review A communicable disease is a disease that can be spread to a person from another person, an animal, or an object.

  14. Vocabulary Review Germs are organisms that are so small that they can be seen only through a microscope.

  15. Vocabulary Review Pathogens are the germs that are responsible for causing disease.

  16. Vocabulary Review An infection is a condition that occurs when pathogens enter the body, multiply, and damage body cells.

  17. Vocabulary Review Viruses are the smallest and simplest disease-causing organisms.

  18. Vocabulary Review Bacteria are tiny one-celled organisms that live nearly everywhere.

  19. Vocabulary Review Fungi are primitive life-forms, such as molds or yeasts, that cannot make their own food.

  20. Vocabulary Review Protozoa are one-celled organisms that have a more complex structure than bacteria.

  21. Fold the sheet of paper along the long axis, leaving a ½” tab along the side. Turn the paper. Fold in half, then fold in half again.

  22. Unfold and cut the top layer along the three fold lines. This makes four tabs. Label the tabs as shown.

  23. Under the appropriate tab, summarize what you learn about each type of pathogen.

  24. Rate your understanding of how to prevent communicable diseases by taking the Health Inventory for Chapter 12 at http://www.glencoe.com/qe/qe65.php?qi=1505

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