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CHEMISTRY SS3 LESSON NOTE. WEEK:- 01 DATE:- 15 TH – 19 TH 2014 DURATION:- 80MINS TOPIC:- ORGANIC CHEMISRTY IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
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CHEMISTRY SS3 LESSON NOTE • WEEK:- 01 • DATE:- 15TH – 19TH 2014 • DURATION:- 80MINS • TOPIC:- ORGANIC CHEMISRTY • IUPAC NOMENCLATURE • International Union of Pure and Applied Chemists put forward a system which relates the names of the compounds to its molecular structure. In this system every name consists of a ROOTS, a SUFFIX and many PREFIXES
THE ROOT:- The root is generally an aliphatic hydrocarbons. All aliphatic compounds are derived from this root by (a). Replacing the hydrogen atom in alkane by an alkyl group or functional group (b). Introducing multiple bonds • SUFFIX:- Is added to the root to indicate the presence of the principal substituent group which is the functional group e.g • Alkane ‘ane’ methane • Alkene ‘ene’ ethene • Alkyne‘yne’ ethyne • Alkanol‘ol’ butanol • Alkanoic acid ‘oic’ butanoic acid
PREFIXES • Prefixes are the alkyl group or functional group that are attached to the compound e.g • Alkyl - methylpropane CH3C3H7- methyl • Cyclo - cyclopentane C5H10 - cyclo • Alkoxyl- methoxylmethane CH3OCH3- methoxyl • Halo – bromopentane- C5H11Br – bromo ‘ene’ ‘ene’