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Fraction Basics

Fraction Basics. Richard Dunton University of Phoenix Online EDTC 560 Janet Wright August 25, 2004. We will learn to…. Identify and write proper fractions Identify and write improper fractions and mixed numbers Create equivalent fractions Reduce fractions to lowest terms

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Fraction Basics

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  1. Fraction Basics Richard Dunton University of Phoenix Online EDTC 560 Janet Wright August 25, 2004

  2. We will learn to… • Identify and write proper fractions • Identify and write improper fractions and mixed numbers • Create equivalent fractions • Reduce fractions to lowest terms • Raise fractions to higher terms

  3. What is a proper fraction? • A proper fraction stands for part of a whole or of a group • The smaller number, the part, is on top and the larger number, the whole, is on the bottom • The top number is called the numerator • The bottom number is called the denominator

  4. The whole maybe a single object… • Count the number of equal parts in the circle. This number is the denominator and is equal to 4. • Count the number of shaded parts. This is the numerator and is equal to 3 • What fractional part of the circle is shaded?

  5. That’s right… • 3 parts of the circle are shaded… • The circle is divided into 4 equal parts • Read 3/4 as three-fourths • Numerator → 3/4 ← denominator

  6. Or it maybe a group of objects… • What fraction of the group of circles is shaded?

  7. Four out of five circles are shaded Numerator → 4/5 ← denominator Read as four-fifths

  8. Writing improper fractions and mixed numbers • In an improper fraction the numerator is equal to or larger than the denominator • A mixed number has a whole number and a fraction part • You may need to change an improper fraction to a whole or mixed number

  9. Writing improper fractions • The top number (numerator) stands for the number of shaded pieces • The bottom number (denominator) stands for number of pieces in 1 whole…in this case four • Therefore here we have 4/4 or 1 whole pizza pie

  10. Writing improper fractions • In an improper fraction there are more pieces then are defined by 1 whole • Here each pie is divided into 5 equal parts • What fraction do these two pies represent?

  11. Writing improper fractions • In the last example we have 9 parts • The 2 pies divided into 5 equal portions • There are 4 pieces more than 1 whole • Therefore, we write it as 9/5, read as nine-tenths

  12. Writing mixed numbers • A mixed number is a whole number together with a fraction • You can rewrite an improper fraction as a mixed number by dividing the denominator into the numerator and writing the remainder over the denominator • Notice that 9/5 and 1 4/5 represents the same amount

  13. Changing a mixed number to an improper fraction Using 1 4/5 as an example: • Multiply the whole number by the denominator • Add the numerator to it, and • Put the total over the denominator 5 x 1 + 4 / 5 = 9/5

  14. Equivalent fractions • Each of the circles represents 1 whole pizza pie • In the first pie 1 of 2 equal parts is shaded; in the second 4 of 8 are shaded • Both represent 1/2 of a pizza pie, as the same area is shaded in each circle • Equivalent fractions are different fractions that represent the same amount

  15. Renaming fractions to lowest terms • Fractions are reduced to lowest terms by dividing both the numerator and denominator by the same number • A fraction is in lowest terms when 1 is the only number that can divide evenly into both the numerator and the denominator

  16. Reduce fractions to lowest terms • In the equivalent fraction example 1/2 is the same as 2/4 • We reduce the second fraction (2/4) by diving the numerator and denominator by 2 • Therefore 2/4 = 2÷ 2/ 4÷ 2 = 1/2

  17. Raising fractions to higher terms • When you change a fraction to an equivalent fraction with a higher denominator, you raise it to higher terms • To raise a fraction to higher terms, multiply both the numerator and denominator by the same number

  18. Examples • Multiply the numerator and denominator by 2 to raise each fraction to higher terms: • 2/3 = 2 x 2 ∕2 x 3 = 4/6 • 3/5 = 3 x 2 ∕ 2 x 5 = 6/10 • 4/7 = 4 x 2 ∕ 7 x 2 = 8/14

  19. We have learned to… • Identify proper fractions • Write improper fractions and mixed numbers • Create equivalent fractions • Reduce fractions to lowest terms • Raise fractions to higher terms

  20. Congratulations!!! We are now ready to learn how to add subtract, multiply an divide fractions

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