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Comprehensive Overview of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Their Applications

This presentation by Salaman Khan explores the multifaceted world of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). A GIS integrates hardware, software, and data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying geographically referenced information, empowering users to make informed decisions across various fields, including land management, resource distribution, transportation, and urban planning. Highlighting the evolution of GIS and its various components, this talk emphasizes user-centric application development, ensuring efficiency and focus. The potential of GIS technology extends into environmental impact assessments, urbanization, and more.

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Comprehensive Overview of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Their Applications

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  1. PRESENTATION Presentedby-SALAMAN KHAN

  2. Geographical Information System • A GIS is a particular form of information system applied to geographical data. • An Information System is a set of processes executed on row data to produce information which will be useful when making decisions.

  3. USE OF GIS • In a geographic information system, information is characterized spatially. • In a GIS the common purpose is decision making to manage: • Land • Resources • Transportation • Retailing • OR any other spatially distributed activity

  4. GIS Process

  5. Images ImageProcessingSystem StatisticalReports Maps Map DigitizingSystem Statistical Analysis System AttributeDataBase SpatialDataBase DatabaseManagementSystem Geographic Analysis System StatisticsTabular Data CartographicDisplay System Maps GIS System

  6. ARC GIS

  7. GIS Layers • Three types of • GIS layers- • User Interface • Data Visualization • Base maps

  8. Evolution of GIS Evolved from different fields in which development has led to the GIS as we now know it. • Cartography (high quality drafting) • CAD / computer graphics • Surveying • Remote sensing • Computer technology (made it affordable)

  9. Item in GIS are classified into separate components • Degree of hardness or tangibility • Position in the data flow

  10. According to hardness or tangibility • Hardware • Software • Orgware

  11. Hardware • Micro pc - at least a 486DX with minimum 16 megabytes ram, 1 GB hard disk with color monitor (at least 256 colors) • Scanner and /or digitizer • Inkjet printer and/or plotter • Any large data storage device

  12. Software • IDRISI • ILWIS • ARCVIEW • PC ARCINFO • MAPINFO • OZ-GIS • ER MAPPER • GRASS • ATLAS

  13. Orgware • Organization about the use of hardware and software • Man, their methods and organization • “Education and training” of staff at all levels.

  14. Technology Involved • The Possibilities are unlimited….. • Environmental impact assessment • Resource management • Land use planning • Tax Mapping • Water and Sanitation Mapping • Transportation routing and more

  15. GIS in technology

  16. Development of GIS • Before any GIS application is developed, it is important to keep in mind the target users and their need • Too much information should not be packed in one application • Care should be taken to make the application focused and user-friendly • Need for development would usually arise by regular interactions with the data users over a period of time.

  17. Application area of GIS • Population • Bio-Diversity • Global-Warming • Urbanization • Pollution • Conservation • Land-use • Oceans • Defense/Security • Business Efficiency • Water • Development • Crime • Health • Education • Logistics • Energy • Government • Globalization • Agriculture/Food

  18. GIS works as • GIS data has a • spatial/geographic reference- • This might be a reference that describes • A feature on the earth using: • A latitude & longitude • A national coordinate system • An address • A district • A wetland identifier • A road name

  19. GIS work area

  20. Thank you…… For your attention, for your interest, and your time….. Good day….. Group :- Salaman khan(Team Leader) Krishna Negi Himansh Tiwari Abhijeet Singh Tomar

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