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UNDERSTANDING THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CATARACTS By Dr.Sourabh Shah K a m a lE y eH o s p i t a l
Mostpeoplethinkthatcataractsurgeryisa verygenericsurgery, butinactualthelevelof criticality, post-surgerycare, andtherecovery timedependsonthetypeofcataractsurgery. It’struethatdespitethetypesthelensesof oureyegetaffectedwhenthecataractonsets butthenatureanddirectionofdamages definethreedifferenttypesofcataract. Yes, therearemainlythreetypesofcataracts.
NUCLEAR SCLEROTIC CATARACT Thisisthemostcommontypeofcataract thatpeopleexperiencewithaging. The centralpointofoureyesisreferredtoasthe ‘nucleus.’ Withaging, thispartbecomes cloudyandgetshardenovertime. The occurrenceofhardeningiscalled, ‘Sclerosis.’ Theprogressionofcloudingisveryslowin thecaseofnuclearscleroticcataracts. Attheinitialstage, patientsfindthe symptomssimilartonormalfocusrelated problemforclose-upviews. Suchsymptoms temporarilygetimprovedwithglasses. However, withongoingtimethecataract getsdeveloped, sometimesittakesyearsand thensurgicaltreatmentisneeded.
CORTICAL CATARACT Thistypeofcataractaffectsthelenscortex, theperipheraloutsideedgeofoureyelens. Inthecaseofthiscataractcondition, the contentofwatercontentinthelensgets alteredandcausesclefts. Itgenerateda structurelikespokesofacyclewheelgoing inwardtothelenscenterfromtheedge. The lightenteringintothelensgetsscattered duetosuchdefectivestructuregeneratinga blurredvision. Withfurtherdevelopmentof thecataract, thepatientsfinddifficultywhile drivingatnight, orstandingunderartificial lights. Theinitialstageoftreatmentincludes prescribesasinglefocusorbifocallens. In laterstages, thesurgicalprocessisrequired toreplacethecloudylenswithanartificial lens. Thistypeofcataractisverycommonin diabetespatients.
POSTERIOR SUBCAPSULAR CATARACT Thiscataractattacksthesmallopaqueinthe posteriorofthelens. Asmallsac-like structurecalledacapsuleexperiencea ‘halo effect’ and ‘glares’ aroundlightsources. This decreasestheclarityofvisionwhilereading books, watchingTV, ordriving. Thistypeof cataractislesscommonbuttheoccurrence rateishighincasepatientstakingsteroids, suffering from pigmentosa, anddiabetes. Thedevelopment ofthePosteriorSubcapsularCataractismore rapidcomparedtotheothertwotypesand thesurgeryincludesagreateramountofrisk andlongerrecoverytime. Patientsstart experiencingthesymptomsat8to10weeks. Attheinitialstage, thepatientfindstheir nightvisioncloudy. Patientsfeelcomfortable onlyunderdimlight. Thetreatmentneedsa surgicalprocessthatreplacesthedamaged lenswithafoldableintraocularlens. Insome cases, thepatientsdonotrequireany prescriptionglassesaftersuccessfulsurgery. long-term retinitis
Sothat’sallaboutthebasisofthree typesofcataract. Incaseofany furtherquery, feelfreetowritetome. Startahealthynewyear. BookanappointmentforBestTreatmentfor CataractinKalaburagi-GulbargawithBest EyeHosptialinKalaburgiorcallusat96326 02090
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