Recreation And Off-Duty Swimming ORM Brief

1. Recreation And Off-Duty Swimming ORM Brief Naval Safety Center Dave Smith

2. Operational Risk Management What is ORM? A process to assist you in performing everyday tasks safely and efficiently! Modify the process to fit the situation while still identifying and assessing risks and developing controls to reduce the hazards.

3. Where Are We? During FY98-02, mishaps cost the Navy and Marines: • $3.7 BILLION • 1,000 LIVES!

4. How People Died In Mishaps USN/USMC, FY98-02 Traffic Total Deaths FY00: 213 FY01: 175 FY02: 238 FY98-02: 1000 Rate per 100,000 personnel Shore/ Ground Recreation Aviation Afloat Sailors & Marines Off-Duty Deaths = 72% 569 142136 13518 No. of Deaths, FY98 - 02

5. Cost of Mishaps Navy & Marine Corps FY 98-02 Total $3.7 Billion Aviation $2.9B Recreation: 56M PMV: $122M Afloat: $352M Shore/Ground: $105M

6. Sailors/Marines Off-Duty Alcohol-Related Deaths FY 98-02 26%

7. Top 3 Leading Causes Of Recreation Deaths • Drowning • Boating, Swimming, SCUBA Diving • Falls • Buildings, Cliffs, Snow Drifts • Alcohol Poisoning/Drug Overdose

8. Top 3 Recreation Injury Producers • Basketball • Softball/Baseball • Football

9. Findings • Mishaps • - Lack of Headwork • - Inexperience • - Non-use of PPE • - Alcohol Involvement Human Error 80% of Causal Factors!

10. Causes Of Risk Personal Work Ethic Complex Evolutions High Energy Levels CHANGE!! Stress Environmental Influences Human Nature Resource Constraints New Technology Feeling of Invincibility Complacency Speed, Tempo of Operations

11. Elements Of ORM • 3 Levels of Application • 4 Principles • 5 Steps

12. 3 Levels Of Application • Time Critical 90% of ORM processes are “On the run” • Deliberate Complete 5 step process • In Depth Other considerations outside local chain of command

13. 4 Principles • Accept Risk When Benefits Outweigh Cost • Accept No Unnecessary Risk • Anticipate and Manage Risk by Planning • Make Risk Decisions at Correct Level

14. 5 Step Process 1. Identify Hazards 5. Supervise 2. Assess Hazards 4. Implement Controls 3. Make Risk Decisions

15. Step #1:Identify Hazards • Analyze Manageable Pieces of an Event • Use Experience As a Guide “Experience Is the Name Everyone Gives to Their Mistakes” Oscar Wilde, 1892 • Ask What If, Use Brainstorming, Think Cause and Effect

16. Step #2:Assess Hazards Prioritize Identified Hazards Based on: Severity & Probability

17. Step #2:Assess Hazards Severity + Probability of Occurrence = RAC

18. Step #3:Make Risk Decisions • Consider Risk Control Options, Most Serious Risks First • Risk Versus Benefit • Communicate As Required

19. Step #4:ImplementControls • Engineering Controls • Administrative Controls • Personal Protective Equipment

20. Step #5:Supervise Same as any other supervisory process: • Assure Controls Effective and in Place • Maintain Implementation Schedules • Correct Ineffective Risk Controls • Watch for Change

21. Part II: Applying ORM Off-Duty

22. ORM Five Steps • Identify Hazards • Assess Hazards • Make Risk Decisions • Implement Controls • Supervise/Evaluate

23. Scenario • 19 Year Old Sailor • Class II Swimmer • Breath-Holding And Hyperventilating • Shallow Water Blackout

24. 1. Identify Swimming Hazards • Water Clarity • Insufficient Water Depth • Poor Swimmers • Shallow Water Blackout • Alcohol • Thunderstorms

25. Risk Matrix Probability of Occurrence + Severity =

26. 2. Assess Swimming Hazards In Terms Of Risk • Hazards • Insufficient Water Depth • Poor Swimmers • Thunderstorms Risk Assessment Serious/Probably (2) Serious/Probably (2) Critical/Probably (1)

27. 2. Assess Swimming Hazards In Terms Of Risk (cont.) • HazardsRisk Assessment • Shallow Water Critical/Likely (1) Blackout • Alcohol Serious/Probably (2) • Water ClarityCritical/Likely (1)

28. 3. Make Swimming Risk Decisions Based On Risks • Hazards • Shallow Water Blackout • Water Clarity • Poor Swimmers • Thunderstorms • Insufficient Water Depth • Alcohol

29. 4. Implement Swimming Controls • HazardsControls • Shallow Water Blackout Place Signs Prohibiting Breath-Holding And Hyperventilating Techniques - Recognize/Measures To Take • Water Clarity Qualified Person Adding Properly Balanced Chemicals - Four Inch Black On White Disc • Poor SwimmersAdequate Number Of Life Guards - Offer Swimming Lessons

30. 4.Implement Swimming Controls (cont.) • Hazards • Thunderstorms • Insufficient Water Depth • Alcohol Controls Lifeguard Clear Pool For Determined Period Of Time Check Water Depth For Diving Boards Don’t Allow Intoxicated Swimmers To Use Facility

31. 5. Supervise/Evaluate • Monitor Effectiveness Of Controls • Watch For Changes

32. Take Away • What Can Hurt Me? • What Can I Do About It? • What Do I Do If Something Goes Wrong?

33. Benefits Of Risk Management • Reduction in serious injuries and fatalities • Reduction in material and property damage • Effective mission accomplishment

34. Summary ORM is a process ... NOT a program Decision making tool to: • Increase ability to make informed choices • Reduce risks to acceptable level ORM must become an inherent way of doing business

35. The End Dave Smith, Code, 427 DSN 564-3520 EXT 7180 COML (757) 444-3520 E-Mail david.a.smith@navy.mil FAX DSN 564-6044 COML (757) 444-6044 Visit Our Web: www.safetycenter.navy.mil