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Muslim World Expands

Muslim World Expands. Honors World History (B) Coach Simmons Main ideas: Power and Authority, Cultural interaction, and Empire Building. Review. Prophet Muhammad Two Types of Muslims (Sunni and Shiite) Sunni and Shia Difference of leadership Five Pillars of Islam Sawm - Fasting

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Muslim World Expands

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  1. Muslim World Expands Honors World History (B) Coach Simmons Main ideas: Power and Authority, Cultural interaction, and Empire Building

  2. Review • Prophet Muhammad • Two Types of Muslims (Sunni and Shiite) • Sunni and Shia Difference of leadership • Five Pillars of Islam • Sawm - Fasting • Zakah - Penance • Salat - Prayer • Shahada – Belief • Hajj – Journey • Three Dynasties: Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal

  3. Which pillars do these pictures represent?

  4. Ottomans • Failing Byzantium Empire, Arabia • Osman the first Sultan – leader • Mehmed II the conqueror (p.74) • Capture of Constantinople • Selim would take back the Holy Cities • Empire peaks under Suleyman • Sunni Muslims

  5. Ottoman Decline • Suleyman master military strategist • Captured vast lands reaching as far North as Austria • Suleyman’s janissaries • Cultural freedoms in conquered lands • Story about the control of the throne (brothers)

  6. Review Questions • What were several reasons the Ottoman Empire began to decline? • Why do Americans not know about the vast Muslim Empires? • Does tolerance help or hurt Empires?

  7. Cultural Blending • Safavid Dynasty is example of cultural blending (p.79 chart) • Causes: • Trade • Conquest • Migration • Pursuit or freedom/conversation

  8. Safavids • Ismail was the first shah – leader • Shiite sect of Islam, Persia • Peaked under Shah Abbas (p.80 chart) • Abbas created an artistic heaven in new capital Esfahan • Persian design carpets

  9. Safavid Decline • Same idea of disabling bloodline • Power led to corruption • Final leader Shah Asfar was assassinated • Lack of leadership led to decline of empire

  10. Review Questions • What are important aspects of prosperous empires? • Why is cultural blending important when building an empire? • What are the results of cultural blending?

  11. The Mughals • India – Muslims v. Hindus • Babur first great leader (11 years old) • Led 12,000 to victory over 100,000 • Akbar took throne @ 13 • Empire peaked under Akbar • Practiced cultural blending • Graduated income tax, great social ideas

  12. The Mughals • Akbar successors • Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal • Mahal died giving birth to 14th child • Jahan built the Taj Mahal in her honor • Jahan obsession led to suffering of the people • His son’s led civil war after his death

  13. Mughal Decline • Loss of resources • Over taxation • Widespread famine • Loss of loyalty • The arrival of the Portuguese, Dutch, and English

  14. Review Questions • What are several ways a leader can demonstrate tolerance? • Why are social policies so important to an empire? • How did Akbar and Shah Jahan differ in their reigns?

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