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Turmeric

Turmeric. The Golden Spice of Life presented by Samantha Arsenault. Outline. Introduction to Species Plant Morphology Distribution Usage Agriculture Processing Diseases Curcumin Modern Medicine. Introduction. Taxonomy Binomial name Zingiberaceae Common names English

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Turmeric

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  1. Turmeric The Golden Spice of Life presented by Samantha Arsenault

  2. Outline • Introduction to Species • Plant Morphology • Distribution • Usage • Agriculture • Processing • Diseases • Curcumin • Modern Medicine

  3. Introduction • Taxonomy • Binomial name • Zingiberaceae • Common names • English • Sanskrit • History

  4. Botany • Herbal perennial plant • 1-2 metres • Rhizome • fleshy • 2 parts • Shoot = Upward • Roots = Downward • Leaves • Inflorescence • Fruit • Seeds

  5. Distribution • Tropical Asia and Asia-Pacific • Conditions • Moist • Warm • India (over 100 species) • Bangladesh, Thailand, China, Cambodia, Maylasia, Indonesia, Africa and Australia

  6. Usage • Indian Cuisine • curry • Dying Agent • Clothes • Food • Cosmetics • Cover blemishes • Glow

  7. Religious and Sociocultural • Hindu Religion • Ceremonial purposes • Birth of a child • Chinese and Ayurveda medicine • Long history • Natural remedy • Healthcare problems (stomach, fever, allergies, diarrhoea, chronic couch, heartburn, bloating, colic, asthmas, jaundice, arthritis, inflammation, swelling from cuts & bruises & sprains, anorexia, snake bites, leprose, anemia…)

  8. Agriculture • Cultivated for its rhizomes • India • 650, 000 tonnes • 142, 000 hectares • 80% worldwide production

  9. Processing • 7 to 9 months after planting • Labour intensive • Cut off shoots, collect and cure rhizomes, sprayed, dried and ground

  10. Diseases • Leaf spots and leaf rot • Progressive yellowing of leaves • Various fungi of Pythium genera • spreads • Rhizome rot • ½ of crop was lost in 1998 • Insects • 70 species • Cigarette beetle and coffee bean weevil

  11. Crop Improvement • Crop rotation • Soils tolerant to Pythium • Chemical Control • Dipping seeds in chemical compounds • Spraying with Ridomil, Ditane M-45, and Blitox • Hybrids • Increase yields • Infertile seeds

  12. Curcumin: the Active Ingredient • The active ingredient • Diphenylheptanoids • Naturally occurring • Leaves & Rhizomes • Concentrations vary with growth • Suggests it’s made in the leaves and travels

  13. Modern Medicine • Recent research shows that turmeric has lots of health benefits • Treatment for a number of diseases • Minor problems Digestive problems, upset stomach, cramps, flatulence, ulcers • Life threatening problems Cancers and heart problems

  14. Battling Cancer • Lots of studies • Protect against the development of cancers: Prostate, Colon, Oral, Blood and Breast Cancer • Suppressing development of tumors and increasing the number of cancer fighting cells • Kellandet al (2009) showed curry resulted in the death of oesophageal cancer cells after 24 hours

  15. Alzheimer’s • Anti-inflammatory properties • Free radicals scavenging properties • Alzheimer’s- degradation of brain cells due partly to free radicals • Help reduce degredation

  16. Concluding Remarks • Fascinating plant • Long history and an array of usages • Surprised with all its health benefits

  17. Acknowledgments Mother Nature “Turmeric, the genus Curcuma”

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