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Importance of Clean Environment and Immunity Building for Good Health

Learn about various methods to control pathogens and the role of antibiotics, antiseptics, and vaccines in building immunity. Understand the concept of antibiotic resistance and how it can render medicines ineffective.

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Importance of Clean Environment and Immunity Building for Good Health

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  1. KEY CONCEPTLiving in a clean environment and building immunity help keep a person healthy.

  2. Many methods are used to control pathogens. • Antibiotics and antiseptics cause pathogens to burst.

  3. do not target specific pathogens • examples include vinegar and soap • Antibiotics kill pathogens inside the body. • target one specific bacterium or fungus • not effective against viruses • Antiseptics kill pathogens outside of the body.

  4. A bacterium carriesgenes for antibioticresistance on a plasmid. A copy of the plasmid is transferredthrough conjugation. Resistance is quicklyspread throughmany bacteria. • Antibiotic resistance can cause medicines to become ineffective. • Some bacteria in a population have genes that make them immune to antibiotics. • These bacteria spread the gene, making the antibiotics useless.

  5. Vaccines artificially produce acquired immunity. • Vaccines also control pathogens and disease. • given to prevent illness • contain the antigen of a weakened pathogen

  6. 9. What is a vaccine? A substance that produces active immunity. • Why do vaccines do that allow the body do to gain immunity without getting sick? Produce memory cells 11. Memory cells do not have to be activated- they respond right away. 12.Vaccines are made of : dead, whole pathogens, weak pathogens, pieces of pathogens, bacterial toxins

  7. Antigens in a vaccinetrigger an immune response, and memory B cells are made. 1 memory B cells 2 A memory B cell isstimulated when the real pathogen binds to it. The B cell quickly activates and makes antibodies that fight the pathogens before you get sick. 3 • Vaccination provides immunity. • stimulates a specific immune response • causes memory cells to be produced • allows immune system to respond quickly to infection • has such a fast response, a person will not get sick

  8. 13. Antiseptics- destroy disease causing particles that are outside the body. • 14. What is an antibiotic resistance bacteria? pathogens that survive in the presence of the antibiotic

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