1 / 36

RIP version 1

RIP version 1. Routing Protocols and Concepts – Chapter 5 Modified by Mike Haines. 06/10/2010. Notes:. If you see any mistake on my PowerPoint slides or if you have any questions about the materials, please feel free to email me at chento@cod.edu . Thanks! Tony Chen College of DuPage

kaipo
Download Presentation

RIP version 1

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. RIP version 1 Routing Protocols and Concepts – Chapter 5 Modified by Mike Haines 06/10/2010

  2. Notes: • If you see any mistake on my PowerPoint slides or if you have any questions about the materials, please feel free to email me at chento@cod.edu. Thanks! Tony Chen College of DuPage Cisco Networking Academy

  3. Objectives • Describe the functions, characteristics, and operation of the RIPv1 protocol. • Configure a device for using RIPv1. • Verify proper RIPv1 operation. • Describe how RIPv1 performs automatic summarization. • Configure, verify, and troubleshoot default routes propagated in a routed network implementing RIPv1. • Use recommended techniques to solve problems related to RIPv1

  4. RIP Historical Impact • RIP evolved from an earlier protocol developed at Xerox, called Gateway Information Protocol (GWINFO). • With the development of Xerox Network System (XNS), GWINFO evolved into RIP. • It later gained popularity because it was implemented in the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) as a daemon named routed (pronounced "route-dee", not "rout-ed"). • Recognizing the need for standardization of the protocol, Charles Hedrick wrote RFC 1058 in 1988, in which he documented the existing protocol and specified some improvements. • Since then, RIP has been improved with RIPv2 in 1994 and with RIPng in 1997. IPv6 form of RIP called RIPng (next generation) is now available

  5. RIPv1 • RIP Characteristics • A classful, Distance Vector (DV) routing protocol • Metric = hop count • Routes with a hop count > 15 are unreachable • Updates are broadcast every 30 seconds • The data portion of a RIP message is encapsulated into a UDP segment, with both source and destination port numbers set to 520.

  6. RIPv1 • RIP Message Format • RIP header - divided into 3 fields • Command field • REQUEST (1)- Request either a partial or full table update from another RIP router. • RESPONSE (2) - A response to a request. • Version field • 1 or 2 • Must be zero • Must be zero" fields provide room for future expansion of the protocol. • Route Entry - composed of 3 fields • Address family identifier • CLNS, IPX, IP etc. • IP address • Metric

  7. RIPv1 • RIP Operation • RIP uses 2 message types: • Request message -This is sent out on startup by each RIP enabled interface -Requests all RIP enabled neighbors to send routing table • Response message -Message sent to requesting router containing routing table

  8. RIPv1 • IP addresses initially divided into classes -Class A -Class B -Class C • RIP is a classful routing protocol -Does not send subnet masks in routing updates

  9. Common RIP configuration issues RIP and IGRP: • Classful network statements only • IOS will take subnetted networks but will translate it into the classful network for the running-config.

  10. RIPv1 • Administrative Distance • RIP’s default administrative distance is 120

  11. Basic RIPv1 Configuration • A typical topology suitable for use by RIPv1 includes: -Three router set up -No PCs attached to LANs -Use of 5 different IP subnets

  12. Basic RIPv1 Configuration • Router RIP Command • To enable RIP enter: -Router rip at the global configuration prompt -Prompt will look like R1(config-router)#

  13. Basic RIPv1 Configuration • Specifying Networks • Use the network command to: -Enable RIP on all interfaces that belong to this network -Advertise this network in RIP updates sent to other routers every 30 seconds

  14. Verification and Troubleshooting • Show ip Route • To verify and troubleshoot routing -Use the following commands: -show ip route -show ip protocols -debug ip rip

  15. Verification and Troubleshooting • show ip protocols command -Displays routing protocol configured on router POP QUIZ: What is the different between the output of the command “show ip route” and “show ip protocol”?

  16. Verification and Troubleshooting • Debug ip rip command -Used to display RIP routing updates as they are happening

  17. Verification and Troubleshooting • Passive interface command -Used to prevent a router from sending updates through an interface -Example: Router(config-router)#passive-interface interface-type interface-number

  18. Verification and Troubleshooting • Passive interfaces

  19. Preventing routing updates through an interface Lab: • Route filtering works by regulating the routes that are entered into or advertised out of a route table. As a result, a route filter influences which routes the router advertises to its neighbors. • On the other hand, routers running link state protocols determine routes based on information in the link-state database. Route filters have no effect on link-state advertisements or the link-state database. (Tony) Route filtering could have negative effect on the link-state routing protocol. • Using the passive interface command can prevent routers from sending routing updates through a router interface, but the router continues to listen and use routing updates from that neighbor. Keeping routing update messages from being sent through a router interface prevents other systems on that network from learning about routes dynamically.

  20. Preventing routing updates through an interface It will break the rip update 1 • Again, this is only half the story. When you use “passive interface” on a distance vector routing protocol, you need to complement it with “ip route” command. You can use the “ip route” command to send route update back to establish the 2 way communication 2

  21. Automatic Summarization 172.30.3.0 Modified Topology • The original scenario has been modified such that: Three classful networks are used: 172.30.0.0/16 192.168.4.0/24 192.168.5.0/24 The 172.30.0.0/16 network is subnetted into three subnets: 172.30.1.0/24 172.30.2.0/24 172.30.3.0/24 The following devices are part of the 172.30.0.0/16 classful network address: All interfaces on R1 S0/0/0 and Fa0/0 on R2 172.30.2.0 172.30.1.0

  22. Automatic Summarization • Configuration Details -To remove the RIP routing process use the following command No router rip -To check the configuration use the following command Show run

  23. Automatic Summarization • Boundary Routers • RIP automatically summarizes classful networks • Boundary routers summarize RIP subnets from one major network to another.

  24. Automatic Summarization Processing RIP Updates • 2 rules govern RIPv1 updates: -If a routing update and the interface it’s received on belong to the same network then The subnet mask of the interface is applied to the network in the routing update -If a routing update and the interface it’s received on belong to a different network then The classful subnet mask of the network is applied to the network in the routing update.

  25. Automatic Summarization • Sending RIP Updates • RIP uses automatic summarization to reduce the size of a routing table.

  26. Automatic Summarization • Advantages of automatic summarization: -The size of routing updates is reduced -Single routes are used to represent multiple routes which results in faster lookup in the routing table.

  27. Automatic Summarization • Disadvantage of Automatic Summarization: -Does not support discontiguous networks

  28. Automatic Summarization • Discontiguous Topologies do not converge with RIPv1 • A router will only advertise major network addresses out interfaces that do not belong to the advertised route.

  29. Automatic Summarization

  30. Default Route and RIPv1 • Modified Topology: Scenario C • Default routes Packets that are not defined specifically in a routing table will go to the specified interface for the default route Example: Customer routers use default routes to connect to an ISP router. Command used to configure a default route is ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0/1

  31. Default Route and RIPv1

  32. Default Route and RIPv1 • Propagating the Default Route in RIPv1 • Default-information originate command -This command is used to specify that the router is to originate default information, by propagating the static default route in RIP update.

  33. Default route with RIP Centre#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, Gateway of last resort is not set R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:11, Serial0 R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:11, Serial0 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 Mobile#sho ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, Gateway of last resort is not set R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:04, Serial0 C 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:04, Serial0 R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:04, Serial0 Setup up a default route on the Centre router Centre(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 loopback0 Centre(config)#router rip Centre(config-router)#default-information originate Mobile#sho ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, * - candidate default - RIP, Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.1 to network 0.0.0.0 R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:09, Serial0 C 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:04, Serial0 R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:09, Serial0 R* 0.0.0.0/0 [120/2] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:09, Serial0 Centre#sh ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, * - candidate default Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0 C 172.16.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0 R 192.168.4.0/24 [100/8576] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:22, Serial0 R 192.168.5.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:22, Serial0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Loopback0

  34. Summary • RIP characteristics include: Classful, distance vector routing protocol Metric is Hop Count Does not support VLSM or discontiguous subnets Updates every 30 seconds • Rip messages are encapsulated in a UDP segment with source and destination ports of 520

  35. Summary: Commands used by RIP

More Related