Unit 6

1. Unit 6 Sports and Exercises

2. ballroom: n. 舞厅 • ballroom dancing: a set of partner dances, which are enjoyed both socially and competitively around the globe. Its performance and entertainment aspects are also widely enjoyed on stage, in film, and on television.

3. International Standard Slow Waltz慢三 Tango探戈 Viennese Waltz维也纳华尔兹（快三） Slow Foxtrot狐步（慢四） Quickstep快步（快四） International Latin Cha-cha-cha恰恰 Samba桑巴 Rumba伦巴 Paso Doble斗牛舞 Jive牛仔舞 International Style

4. During her second week of stay in USA, Ann finds a flyer about the on-campus exercise program in the students’ mailbox. She’s talking to Margaret, a sophomore of Media Studies. Both of them have chosen a course offered by English Department. • 安到美国的第二周，在学生邮箱中看到一张关于校园内运动活动的传单。她和玛格丽特在一起聊天，玛格丽特是媒体学的二年级学生，她们两人都选了一门英文系的课程。

5. a flyer n. （广告）传单 e.g 15% off with this flyer凭此宣传品优惠15%  promotional flyer 推广宣传单 Design a flyer to recruit potential volunteers.设计一份宣传单来招募潜在的志愿者。 • mailbox (mail + box) n. 邮箱 e.g. push a flyer into a mailbox 把传单投入邮箱 drop these letters in the nearest mailbox.    把这些信投入最近的邮箱 • sophomore n. 大学二年级学生 head into one’s sophomore year at the University读大学二年级 freshman 一年级学生 junior 三年级学生 senior 四年级学生

6. Ann: I was looking at the flyer about the exercise programs. I didn’t know there is a gymopen to students. • Margaret: Yeah, it’s really convenient. That’s quite a place!

7. I didn’t know there is a gymopen to students. • gym: n. 健身房(gymnasium) ，体育，体操 gym teacher 体育教师 gym class 体育课 Are you coming with me for a work-out at the gym?    你将同我一起来健身房锻炼吗？ You have full use of the gym and swimming pool while you're here. 只要住在这儿，您就可充分利用健身房和游泳池。

8. open: adj.开放的，公开的 • be open to … 对……开放 e.g. be open to the public 对公众开放 The bar is opento non-residents.    酒吧对外营业. The swimming club is opento families in the neighborhood without restriction.    这个游泳俱乐部对邻近地区的家庭开放,不受限制。 He doubts the truth of your story, but is opento conviction.    他对你说的事有怀疑，但只要有证据，他是愿意信服的。

9. … it’s really convenient. That’s quite a place! • convenient: adj. 方便的，便利的；合适的;be convenient for sb 对某人方便.live in a convenient place 住在方便的地方.a convenient tool for job 对工作合适的工具.arrange a convenient time and place for the meeting 安排一个合适的时间和地点开会.When would it be convenient for you to go? 你什么时候去方便?If it is convenient to you, please call at eight o`clock. 如果你方便的话，请在八点钟来.

10. That’s quite a place! 那地方不错。 • quite强调程度，一般修饰形容词或动词。在此表示That’s quite a good place. • more examples: That’s quite a directive. 这句话很有命令的味道。 That’s quite a load. 那可真是个负担。 • quite用法举例： quite a long time 很长的时间. be quite ill 病得很重. I am quite tired. 我相当累. I quite like him. 我相当喜欢他. It’s quite another thing.那完全是另一码事.

11. fairly, quite, rather, pretty用法区别 • 这几个表示程度的副词从强到弱的顺序是：rather/pretty → quite → fairly。比如说一部电影fairly good，意思也许是“勉强可以看”；如果你认为这部电影quite good，那就意在推荐，认为值得一看；如果说这部电影rather good，那就是胜过多数电影了；pretty和rather差不多，只是大多数情况下用于非正式文体中。 这四个词在用法上还有几点值得注意： • 只有rather一词能和比较级及too连用, fairly, quite, pretty却不能。如：rather warmer, rather too sure(有点太自信)，quite可用在better前，指病完全好了。

12. quite和rather都可以用在冠词前，也可和动词连用，pretty和fairly则不能。如：quite a good film，rather a good idea, I quite like her.或I rather enjoy doing nothing. • 一些“没有程度差别”的词，如：perfect, impossible, dead, 不能fairly, rather, pretty连用，但可以和quite连用，表示completely或absolutely(完全)的意思。如：quite exhausted(精疲力尽)，quite perfect（好极了）。 • 可以说：It’s quite the same. 但不能说：It’s not quite the same.

13. Ann: I was looking at the flyer about the exercise programs. I didn’t know there is a gymopen to students. • Margaret: Yeah, it’s really convenient. That’s quite a place! • 安：我刚才在看这份关于运动项目的传单，我还不知道有个体育馆对学生开放。 • 玛格丽特：是啊，的确很方便，那个地方不错。

14. Ann: How often do you go there? • Margaret: I go there three times a week. • Ann: No wonder you look so fit. • Margaret: Thanks. Do you exercise frequently?

15. Conversation: • Ann: How often do you go there? • Margaret: I go there three times a week. • how often及回答 • 针对频度副词和表示“在某段时间内某种动作的次数”的状语提问时，都要用how often • 对how often提问的句子，通常要用频度副词或诸如every day, each week, once a week, twice a day, four times a month等来回答。

16. How often • 例句： —How often does Mary go to the concert? —She often goes to it on Saturday evening. —How often does my daughter take the medicine? — Three times a day. —How often do you borrow books from the library? —Twice a month. —How often does your mother do the washing? —She does it every day.

17. No wonder you look so fit. • Margaret: Thanks. Do you exercise frequently? • conversation: compliments and responses (more to be found at Idiomatic Study)

18. no wonder: adj./ adv. 难怪，不足为奇的。表达it is not strange之意，是鉴于某种现实后的感慨 例句： • Nowonder you were late--you ate your breakfast so slowly.    难怪你迟到——早饭吃得这么慢。 • It is nowonder (that) he‘ll sign the contract tomorrow. 他明天签约是不足为怪的。 • Nowonder he didn't show up the other day when the president had his party.    “怪不得前天校长请客他没有来。 • 例题：　　 ——Brad was Jane’s brother! ——_____ he reminded me so much of Jane! A. No doubt      B. Above all       C. No wonder      D. Of course

19. fit adj.健康的，健全的feel fit 精神极好.keep fit 保持健康.Keep fit, study hard and work well.    身体好，学习好，工作好。 • frequently adv.时常，往往，频繁地 Denis frequently attends business dinners.    丹尼斯常常要出席工作晚餐。 Business frequently brings him to London.他时常因事到伦敦去. frequent adj. 频繁的 a frequent visitor 常客 v. 常去 Tourists frequent Beijing. 旅游者常到北京参观.

20. Ann: How often do you go there? • Margaret: I go there three times a week. • Ann: No wonder you look so fit. • Margaret: Thanks. Do you exercise frequently? • 安：你多久去那一次？ • 玛格丽特：我每周去三次。 • 安：难怪你看上去这么健康。 • 玛格丽特：多谢。你经常锻炼身体吗？

21. Ann: Yes, I have my routine. I jog three miles every morning. It all depends on the weather, really. • Margaret: You should try the gym. There’s a pool, and a weight room with brand-new equipment. You can also take yoga, or ballroom dancing classes, if you are interested.

22. I have my routine. I jog three miles every morning. It all depends on the weather, really. • routine n.常规；例行公事;the day’s routine 日常工作，日课 a break from routine从日常工作中脱身休息 The day's routine was almost invariable.    每日的生活差不多没有变化的。

23. jog v. 慢跑，缓速前进 go jogging 慢跑 I jog every morning. The carriage jogged up and down. 那辆旧公共汽车颠颠簸簸地缓速行驶. We must jog on somehow.    我们好歹总得设法进行下去。 (jog on缓慢平稳地进行,稳步前进）

24. depend on 取决于，依赖 It depends on you. 这取决于你。 I can always depend on you. 我可以依赖你。 The powers and duties of many municipalities dependon the size of their population. 许多市政当局的权力和义务取决于其人口规模。 Our desired expenditures dependon our national income. 我们所需的支出取决于我们的国民收入。

25. You should try the gym. • should表示建议 • There’s a pool, and a weight room with brand-new equipment. You can also take yoga, or ballroom dancing classes, if you are interested. • weight room 举重训练室

26. brand-new equipment brand-new: adj. 崭新的 look brand-new焕然一新 shiny brand-new shoes 崭新锃亮的鞋子 He bought a brand-new car on installments. 他以分期付款的方式买了一台崭新的小轿车。 • yoga n. 瑜伽 练习瑜伽 take yoga

27. Ann: Yes, I have my routine. I jog three miles every morning. It all depends on the weather, really. • Margaret: You should try the gym. There’s a pool, and a weight room with brand-new equipment. You can also take yoga, or ballroom dancing classes, if you are interested. • 安：是的，我定期锻炼，每天早上慢跑三英里。其实都要看天气如何。 • 玛格丽特：你应该去那个体育馆试试。那里有个游泳池，还有一个设备全新的举重室。如果你有兴趣，还可以上瑜伽课，或者交谊舞课。

28. Ann: Ballroom dancing? That doesn’t sound like much exercise at all! • Margaret: That’s what I used to think. But honestly, it’s one of the best exercises I’ve found. It’s fun. • Ann: I guess I just prefer jogging because I’m not a good dancer.

29. That doesn’t sound like much exercise at all! • sound v. 听起来，似乎，其后加表语（形容词，介词短语，名词） e.g. The music sounds beautiful. It sounds like thunder. Your idea sounds a good one. • not… at all 一点也不，根本不，否定强调。e.g. It is not cold at all. 一点儿也不冷。 I‘ m notatall satisfied with the present situation. 我对现状一点也不满足。 Even though we were friends, he acted like he didn‘t know me atall.    尽管我们是朋友，他表现得好像根本不认识我。 Father does not oppose the idea atall. 父亲丝毫不反对这个想法。

30. not at all在口语中的用法 • 用来回答感谢，意为：不用谢；不客气。如 • A：Thank you very much. 多谢你了。 • A：Not at all. 不客气。 • A：Thanks for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。 • B：Not at all. I enjoyed it. 别客气，很高兴能帮你。

31. 用来回答带有感谢性质的客套话，意为：没什么；哪里哪里。如：用来回答带有感谢性质的客套话，意为：没什么；哪里哪里。如： • A：You are very kind. 你真好。 • B：Not at all. 没什么。 • A：It‘s very kind of you. 你真客气。 • B：Not at all. 哪里哪里。

32. 回答道歉，意为：没关系。如： • A：I‘m sorry I’m late. 对不起，我迟到了。 • B：Oh，not at all， do come in. 噢，没关系，请进来。 • A：I‘m sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。 • B：Oh，not at all. I‘ve been here only a few minutes. 哦，没关系，我也刚到几分钟。

33. 用来表示否定（是No的加强说法），意为：一点也不；完全不。如：用来表示否定（是No的加强说法），意为：一点也不；完全不。如： • A：Are you busy？ 你忙吗？ • B：Not at all. 一点不忙。 • A：Is it difficult to study English？ 英语难学吗？ • B：Not at all.一点不难。

34. That’s what I used to think. • used to do sth.意思是“过去常常做某事”，表示过去经常做或一直做而现在不做，它只用于过去时态。 • 肯定句式：主语＋used to＋动词原形…… 例如： • I used to go to the cinema, but I never have time now.我过去经常去看电影，但现在没有时间了。 • He used to listen to pop music but now he likes rock music.他过去总听流行音乐，但现在喜欢摇滚了。

35. 否定句式： • A)主语＋did not use to＋动词原形…… • B)主语＋used not to＋动词原形…… • 第一种否定句型，就是把used当做实义动词来看，所以变否定句要用助动词did；第二种否定句是把used当做情态动词，变否定句直接在used后面加not即可，used not可以缩写成usedn‘t 或usen’t。美式英语通常用A种形式，英式英语常用B种形式。例如： • You didn't use to drink.你过去不喝酒。 • The shop usedn't to open on Sundays. 过去这家商店星期天不营业。

36. 一般疑问句式： • A) Did＋主语＋use to＋动词原形……？ • B) Used＋主语＋to＋动词原形……？ • 美式英语通常用A种形式，英式英语用B种形式。例如： • Did you use to go swimming in the river when you were young?你小时候经常在河里游泳吗？ • Used he go to school by bike?他过去骑车上学吗？

37. used to用于省略句时，肯定式保留to，否定式不保留to。例如： • ——Used you play basketball? 你过去常打篮球吗？ • ——Yes, I used to. (No,I usedn't.) 是的，经常打。(不，不常打。) • I don't write to him now, but I used to.我现在不给他写信了，但过去经常写。

38. 注意下面几个与used有关短语： • be used to + 名词或动名词，意为”习惯于“。比如：I am used to his presence now. 我已经习惯他在身边了。 • be used to +动词原形，意为“被用来……”。used 是use 的过去分词。如： The knife can be used to cut meat. 刀能用来切肉。 • be used for +名词或V-ing，意为“用于，被用来供……”，for为介词，表“用途或目的”相当于be used to do something。如： A stamp is used for sending letters. 邮票用来寄信。 • be used as +名词，意为“被用来当作……”，as为介词，表示“作为”。如： English is used as their first language. 英语被用作他们的第一语言。 • be used by sb. 如： These books can be used by the students again. 这些书能够被学生们重新利用。

39. 例题 • He _____________ live in England, but now he lives in China. A. is used to B. used to C. is used for D. used for • I think you will _____________ in the countryside. A. be used for live B. be used for living C. be used to live D. be used to living

40. honestly adv.实在地;Honestly, that`s all the books I have.说实在地，我只有这些书. I don’t mind, honestly. 老实说，我真的不在意。 The dishonest, if they act honestly, get no credit.    不老实的人，即使做了老实事，也得不到信任。

41. I guess I just prefer jogging because I’m not a good dancer. • prefer v. “更喜欢，宁愿”。 用法有： • prefer + 名词/动名词/不定式 例：I prefer some apples. / I prefer having (to have) some apples. 我更喜欢吃苹果。 • prefer somebody to do something 宁愿某人做某事 例：My daddy prefers me not to swim in that river because it's too dangerous. 我爸爸宁愿我不要去那条河里游泳因为那太危险了。

42. prefer A to B 在 A 和 B 中更喜欢 A 例：I prefer green tea to coffee. 绿茶和咖啡比较起来我更喜欢绿茶。 I prefer cooking myself to eating out. 我宁愿自己做饭也不愿出去吃。 注意这个用法中肯定的是前者，A和B必须在形式上保持一致，即要么都是名词，要么都是动名词。 • prefer to do something rather than ... 这个用法类似于prefer A to B，不过rather than后面可以是不定式、名词、动名词或动词原形。 例：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out in the heavy rain. 我宁愿呆在家里也不想冒这么大的雨出去。

43. Ann: Ballroom dancing? That doesn’t sound like much exercise at all! • Margaret: That’s what I used to think. But honestly, it’s one of the best exercises I’ve found. It’s fun. • Ann: I guess I just prefer jogging because I’m not a good dancer. • 安：交谊舞？听起来一点儿都不像在搞锻炼。 • 玛格丽特：我以前也这么认为。不过老实说，这是我所发现的最为有趣的锻炼项目之一。很有意思。 • 安：我想我还是宁愿慢跑，因为我不擅长跳舞。

44. Margaret: See, that’s even more reason to join! You should come one day this week after class. Dancing is a great way to relieve stress. It’ll do you good. Why not come and see for yourself? • Ann: You’ve done a hell of sales job. I don’t see how I can say no.

45. See, that’s even more reason to join! • see v. 瞧；注意A: “I broke my leg”B: “See! I told you it was dangerous!”（你看！我告诉你那不是安全！）A: "You are right, they lost again"B: "See!" • even修饰形容词,副词的比较级,以加强比较的语气和程度.修饰形容词,副词比较级的常用修饰词有:no, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, rather, any等.在这些词中,其中no在修饰比较级时,在意义上否定两者,表示前者在某方面不比后者强多少.

46. 其他例子（比较级） • The room is a bit larger than that one.这个房间比那个稍大一点. • He works still harder than ever. =He works harder still than ever. 他比以往更加努力学习了. • Matters are a lot better than ever before. 情况远远比以往好. • 在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用any来修饰.例如: He can't jump any higher. 他不能跳得更高了. Can he jump any higher? 他能跳得更高一些吗?

47. 例题 • ---- Are you feeling ____?---- Yes，I'm fine now.A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better • The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.A. more B. much more C. much D. more much • If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time

48. Dancing is a great way to relieve stress. It’ll do you good. • relieve: v.减轻(痛苦，忧愁等)；解除;relieve a person from pain 使某人摆脱痛苦.relieve pain 减轻痛苦，止痛.relieve one’s mind 使摆脱忧愁. • stress n.重压；压力；紧迫;in times of stress 在非常时期；危难之际.driven by stress of hunger 为饥饿所迫.Under the stress of bad weather the ship had to return. 迫于恶劣的天气这艘船不得不返航.

49. do sb. good 对某人有好处 Have a good long cry: it will doyougood. 痛痛快快地哭一场吧, 哭出来就好受了. • a great way to relieve stress 动词不定式做定语 作定语的动词不定式，表示的行为通常是未来的行为，总是放在它所修饰的名词或者代词之后． 如: I have many books to read. 我有许多书要读。

50. 不定式作定语时，应注意使用不定式的正确形式。请看下列句子：不定式作定语时，应注意使用不定式的正确形式。请看下列句子： • I have a lot of work to do today. 我今天有很多工作要(自己)做。 • I have a lot of work to be done today. 我今天有很多工作要(别人)做。 • Do you have anything to take to your son? 你有什么东西要(自己)带给你儿子吗？ • Do you have anything to be taken to your son? 你有什么东西(让别人)带给你儿子吗？ • 当句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式使用主动式；当句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语而不定式与所修饰的名词或代词之间是被动关系时，不定式使用被动式。