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Unit 3B Human Diversity & Change

Explore the evolutionary trends in primates, including changes in vision, dentition, limbs, and size, as well as the overall diversity and adaptation within the primate lineage.

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Unit 3B Human Diversity & Change

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  1. Unit 3BHuman Diversity & Change Variation & evolution Primate evolutionary trends

  2. Evolution review http://www.bozemanscience.com/evidence-for-evolution-ii Evidence for evolution II (10 mins) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCu1RVq40QI Evolution Continues (10 mins)

  3. Classification of Primates Primates Prosimians Anthropoids Lemuriformes Tarsiiformes Platyrrhines Catarrhines Lemurs Lorises Tarsiers CeboidsNew World monkeys CercopithecoidsOld World monkeys Hominoidsapes & man

  4. Ancestral primate Tupaia – the oriental tree shrew Stavenn

  5. Primates - prosimians Tarsier Alpingstone Lemur Loris

  6. Primates – new world monkeys Michael Schamis Spider monkey Howler monkey Squirrel monkey

  7. Primates – old world monkeys Green monkey Macaque Barbary ape Baboons

  8. Primates - apes Arpingstone Chimpanzee Gorilla Gibbons Orang utan

  9. Primates - hominids Australopithecus Homo habilis Homo sapiens Homo erectus

  10. Primate evolutionary trends • Eyes move towards front of face – better 3-D (stereoscopic) vision. • Better colour vision • Reduced sense of smell

  11. Large brain relative to the size of the body

  12. Completely enclosed orbit

  13. Generalised dentition with reduced tooth numbers (I2:C1:PM2/3:M3)

  14. Generalised pentadactyl limbs with improved grasp (opposability of thumb)

  15. Opposability of the Digits Precision grip Power grip • Changes to the relative length of the forefinger and thumb, and modification of the musculature and joints of the hand have improved the opposability of the thumb and the range of grips available to humans. • In contrast, the big toe has largely lost its opposability.

  16. Nails replace claws

  17. Primate evolutionary trends - 2 • Mobile fore-limbs – shoulder blade on back & well developed collar bone

  18. Single pregnancies • Extended period of dependency on parents • Body tends to get larger

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