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The Origins of the State

The Origins of the State. Modern Political and Economic systems. What is needed to be a “country”?. Population Territory Sovereignty It is neither subordinate nor responsible to another authority. Government. Origins of the State. The Force Theory

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The Origins of the State

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  1. The Origins of the State Modern Political and Economic systems.

  2. What is needed to be a “country”? • Population • Territory • Sovereignty • It is neither subordinate nor responsible to another authority. • Government

  3. Origins of the State • The Force Theory • One person or group claimed control over an area and forced all to submit to their rule. • Once rule established, the other elements were present.

  4. Origins of the State • The Evolutionary Theory – • The state developed naturally out of early families. The father was the “head” and thus “government.” • Family – Clan – Nation.

  5. The Origins of the State • Divine Right Theory • God gave some the right to rule. • Genetically passed on.

  6. Origins of the State • The Social Contract Theory – • Developed by John Lock and Thomas Hobbes in England. Jean Jacques Rousseau in France. • THE BASIS FOR OUR GOVT!

  7. Social Contract Theory • Man lived in a “state of nature.” – considered it an “unpleasant condition.” • By contract, men joined together and agreed to work together.

  8. Distribution of Power The geographic distribution of power. UNITARY – centralized government. Single central agency. FEDERAL – Division of powers. We have a national government and then 50 state governments. CONFEDERATE – States are equal.

  9. Participation in Govt. • DICTATORSHIP! • Authoritarian where those in power have total authority over the people. • Totalitarian where those in power have total authority over all aspects of peoples lives.

  10. Dictatorships • The people have no say. • Often dictators are militaristic. • Take power by force and lose it by force.

  11. Democracy • Supreme political authority rests with the people. • Government is conducted only by and with their consent.

  12. Types of Democracy • Direct Democracy • Indirect Democracy OR Representative Democracy OR REPUBLIC.

  13. RULES of DEMOCRACY • Fundamental worth of individuals. • Equality of all persons. • Majority rule and minority rights. • Necessity of compromise. • Individual Freedom.

  14. Who controls the resources? • The questions what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce. • Capitalism, Free Enterprise, Market Economy. • Communism, Command Economy • Socialism, Mixed-Economy.

  15. Capitalism / Free Enterprise / Market Economy • The people make most of the decisions and can do what they want with their resources (most of the time). • Very little government involvement.

  16. Capitalism / Free Enterprise / Market Economy • If people make good decisions – they make profit. • In Capitalism – people should be able to keep their profits. • Little if any taxation.

  17. Communism or Command Economy • The government (dictator) decides what will be produced and who gets to have land and resources. • Mostly it all belongs to them!

  18. Communism or Command Economy • It means that the dictator and his favorites get rich. • Everyone else lives in poverty / starvation.

  19. Socialism or Mixed Economy • The government owns some of the resources, and people own the rest. • Sometimes government is in competition to get better prices for the people.

  20. Socialism or Mixed Economy • Sometimes government “owns” the resources that are considered necessaries for the public. • Utilities (electricity, water, phone, transportation) • Medical Care???

  21. Socialism or Mixed Economy • Sometimes it means that government taxes the rich more to make the wealthy a little more “equal” to the poor.

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