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Nutrition/Feeding

Nutrition/Feeding. Entry-Level Training Module I Lesson Two. Did you know…. Most Americans do not get adequate amounts of calcium, iron, vitamin C and vitamin A in their diets each day? The number of overweight children has dramatically increased over the last 20 years?

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Nutrition/Feeding

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  1. Nutrition/Feeding Entry-Level Training Module I Lesson Two

  2. Did you know… • Most Americans do not get adequate amounts of calcium, iron, vitamin C and vitamin A in their diets each day? • The number of overweight children has dramatically increased over the last 20 years? • Tooth decay, anemia, and obesity are the three most common nutritional problems in children?

  3. Dietary Guidelines • Eat a variety of foods, especially whole grains, legumes, vegetables, and fruits. • Maintain a healthy weight. • Choose a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol, moderate levels of total fat. • Use sugars, salt/sodium, and alcoholic beverages only in moderation. • Aim for a healthy weight, exercise daily.

  4. General Principles of Feeding • Children need a variety of foods, especially foods that contain vitamins A, C, calcium, and iron. • Adults should eat with the children. • Adults decide what, when, where to eat. • Child decides how much or whether to eat. • Children should serve themselves. • Children should never be forced to eat. • Mealtimes should be positive, relaxed, and social.

  5. Rich Sources of Vitamin A • Liver • Carrots • Pumpkin • Sweet Potatoes • Spinach • Apricots • Cantaloupe • Broccoli

  6. Rich Sources of Vitamin C • Oranges • Strawberries • Cantaloupe • Cauliflower • Green Pepper • Broccoli • Tomatoes • Cabbage • Spinach

  7. Rich Sources of Iron • Liver • Beef • Dried Peas, Beans, and Lentils • Ham • Prunes, Raisins • Chicken • Grains • Spinach

  8. Rich Sources of Calcium • Sardines • Milk • Yogurt • Cheese • Salmon • Vegetables (Broccoli)

  9. Feeding Infants • Support mother’s choice to nurse or bottle feed • Look for signs of readiness before introducing solid foods (see next slide) • Follow family’s food/feeding preferences • Never prop bottles (increases risk of choking, ear infections, tooth decay/bottle-mouth syndrome) • Feed infant on demand • Do not restrict fat intake

  10. Signs of Readiness for Solid Foods... • Should have at least doubled birth weight • Drinks at least 40 oz. of milk • Can swallow (not just suck) and begins drooling (teeth) • Can control head movements • Can keep food in mouth (not push it out with tongue)

  11. Feeding Toddlers • Toddlers are often “Neophobes”, afraid to try new things, expect “picky eaters” • To develop healthy attitudes about eating, avoid getting into power struggles with toddlers • Respect cultural eating/feeding differences • Make eating time comfortable, pleasant, and safe*

  12. Raw carrots Celery Hot dogs Pieces of raw apple Grapes Fruit seeds/pits Gummy candy Hard candy Peanuts, other nuts Chewy cookies Cough drops Potato chips Pretzels Popcorn Peanut butter Gum Choking Hazards

  13. Feeding Preschoolers and School-agers... • Their growth has slowed, expect decreased appetite • Can be more involved in preparing foods • Often highly influenced by peers, media, etc. • Encourage exercise, it enhances well-being • Respect cultural eating/feeding differences • Post/display ALL food allergies

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