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Biomedical applications of molecular imaging. Tony Lahoutte UMons Nov-Dec 2011. Course 1. Part 1: Introduction and general principles. Biomedical Imaging. R önt gen. Hand of Anna Berthe 1895. Biomedical Imaging. R önt gen. 22 dec 1895 Hand of Anna Berthe. 23 January 1896
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Biomedical applications of molecular imaging Tony Lahoutte UMons Nov-Dec 2011
Course 1 Part 1: Introduction and general principles
Biomedical Imaging Röntgen Hand of Anna Berthe 1895
Biomedical Imaging Röntgen 22 dec 1895 Hand of Anna Berthe 23 January 1896 Hand of Albert von Kölliker
Biomedical Imaging Weissleder and Pittet, Nature 2009
Biomedical Imaging 1. Microscopy: In vitro samples or in vivo tissues 2. Preclinical Imaging: In vivo imaging in animal models 3. Clinical Imaging: Imaging in patients
CT – X-ray MRI SPECT & PET Bioluminescence Fluorescence FRET/FRAP ImageStream Biomedical Imaging www.mi-central.org
Biomedical Imaging Anatomy Physiology Cell Molecular Anatomical imaging: Organ and tissue morphology Physiologic Imaging: Organ and tissue function Molecular Imaging: Molecules and cells
Molecular Imaging • Definition: • Molecular imaging is the visualization, the characterization and the measurement of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels in living systems
Hybrid Imaging Anatomical Molecular
Anatomical CT scan of a women
Molecular Glucose molecules
PET-CT scan • Computed Tomography • or CT scan • Anatomical Positron Emission Tomography or PET scan • Molecular
Anatomical + Molecular PET/CT fusion image
Molecular Radiolabeled antibody fragments that recognize cancer cells
Anatomical + Molecular SPECT/CT fusion image
Anatomical MRI scan
PET/MRI scanner Courtesy of University of Tübingen
FMT/MRI FMT MRI Fluorescence Molecular Tomography/ Magnetic Resonance Imaging = FMT/MRI J. Chen, JCI, 2009: “Combined magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging of the living mouse brain reveals glioma response to chemotherapy”
FMT/CT FMT/CT fusion Nature 2008;452:580-589
FMT scanner Imaging Near Infrared Fluorescence Visen
Anatomical + Molecular PET/CT SPECT/CT PET/MRI FMT/MRI FMT/CT = Hybrid imaging
Physiological Imaging • = Functional Imaging • visualizing cardiac contraction • Imaging blood perfusion • ...
Planar and Tomographic Imaging Planar = 2D projection Tomographic = 3D volume
Planar and Tomographic Imaging Gamma Camera
Planar and Tomographic Imaging Anterior and posterior view of a planar bone scintigraphy Planar = 2D projection
Planar and Tomographic Imaging Tomographic = 3D volume
Static and Dynamic Imaging Static image= 1 time interval Dynamic image = multiple time intervals
Static and Dynamic Imaging Static image of a radiolabeled antibody between 1-10 s after intravenous injection in a rat Static image = 1 time interval
Static and Dynamic Imaging Dynamic image of a radiolabeled antibody between 1second and 10 min after intravenous injection in a rat. Every frame is 10 seconds Dynamic image = multiple time intervals
Special case of dynamic: Gated Image Gated image = images are synchronized with cardiac contraction or respiration
Special case of dynamic: Gated Image Gated image = images are synchronized with cardiac contraction or respiration
Static and Dynamic Imaging Different combinations are possible: Static planar image Dynamic planar image Static tomographic image Dynamic tomographic image
Slicing and orientation A Sagittal R L A L R Coronal Transverse
Slicing and orientation R L Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
Slicing and orientation R L Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
Slicing and orientation R L Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
Slicing and orientation R L Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
Slicing and orientation R L Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
Slicing and orientation R L Orientation: we look from the feet to the head
Slicing and orientation R L Orientation: we look from the feet to the head