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Biogas

Biogas. A presentation for the Comenius project meeting in Calaf 2013. Historical facts. around 3000 b.Ch.: beginning of unconscious use of microorganisms 1859: discovery of microbial development of methane first biogas plant in Bombay, India around 1900:

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Biogas

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  1. Biogas A presentationforthe Comenius project meetingin Calaf 2013

  2. Historical facts • around 3000 b.Ch.: • beginning of unconscious use of microorganisms • 1859: • discovery of microbial development of methane • first biogas plant in Bombay, India • around 1900: • first communal biological sewage plants in big cities

  3. early 1950s: • one short peak in agricultural sector in Germany • about 50 biogas plants • mid 1950s: • heating oil became cheaper ► drop of request for biogas • 1970: • worldwide energy crisis • financial support for scientific research in biogas ►rise of request for biogas & later on: drop

  4. 1980: • about 100 biogas plants in Germany • 2012: • about 7500 biogas plants ►3400 MW for German electricity supply system • 6% of the German electricity production

  5. Biogas plant

  6. Phasesofthefoulingprocess Reduction of organic substances organicacid, carbondioxide, hydrogen sulfideandammonia acetate, carbondioxideand hydrogen methane, carbondioxidandwater

  7. Methanogenic condition Methane coccus + Methane bacterium hydrogen carbon dioxide methane

  8. Terms ofbiogasproduction consistent temperature air exclusion light closure wetness consistent feeding with substrate

  9. Efficiency ofbiogasplants •  normal < 19%  • refit a digestatestorage  36% • 46%  energy  in digestate

  10. Disadvantage of biogas • higher lease pricefortheusedspaceofthefarmers • dangerofexplosions, suffocationorpoisoning • toxic hydrogen sulfide in gas • high safetyregulations • methaneproduces per mass 25 timeshigher • greenhouseeffectthancarbondioxide • maizemonoculturehas negative influence on wildlife

  11. Thank you for your attention Comenius-Gymnasium Datteln 2013

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