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Understanding Mobile IP: Addressing, Agents, and Communication Phases

This chapter delves into Mobile IP, focusing on the addressing scheme for mobile hosts, including home, care-of, and co-located care-of addresses. It explains the roles of home and foreign agents and outlines the three phases of mobile communication: agent discovery, registration, and data transfer. The discussion also highlights inefficiencies in Mobile IP communication, such as double crossing and triangle routing, while providing insights into how these challenges can be mitigated. Gain a comprehensive understanding of the technical aspects of Mobile IP communication.

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Understanding Mobile IP: Addressing, Agents, and Communication Phases

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  1. Chapter 24 Mobile IP Objectives Upon completion you will be able to: • Understand the addressing scheme for mobile hosts. • To define home, care-of, and co-located care-of addresses • Understand the interactions between a home and a foreign agent • Know the three phases involved in mobile communication • Understand why mobile IP communication can be inefficient TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  2. 24.1 ADDRESSING The main problem that must be solved in providing mobile communication using the IP protocol is addressing. The topics discussed in this section include: Stationary Hosts Mobile Hosts TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  3. Note: The IP addresses are designed to work with stationary hosts because part of the address defines the network to which the host is attached. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  4. Figure 24.1Home address and care-of address TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  5. Note: Mobile IP has two addresses for a mobile host: one home address and one care-of address. The home address is permanent; the care-of address changes as the mobile host moves from one network to another. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  6. 24.2 AGENTS To make the change of address transparent to the rest of the Internet requires a home agent and a foreign agent. The specific function of an agent is performed in the application layer. The topics discussed in this section include: Home Agent Foreign Agent TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  7. Figure 24.2Home agent and foreign agent TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  8. Note: When the mobile host and the foreign agent are the same, the care-of address is called a co-located care-of address. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  9. 24.3 THREE PHASES To communicate with a remote host, a mobile host goes through three phases: agent discovery, registration, and data transfer. The topics discussed in this section include: Agent Discovery Registration Data Transfer TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  10. Figure 24.3Remote host and mobile host communication TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  11. Note: Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent advertisement; it uses the router advertisement packet of ICMP, and appends an agent advertisement message. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  12. Figure 24.4Agent advertisement TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  13. Table 24.1 Code bits TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  14. Note: Mobile IP does not use a new packet type for agent solicitation; it uses the router solicitation packet of ICMP. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  15. Figure 24.5Registration request and reply TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  16. Figure 24.6Registration request format TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  17. Table 24.2 Registration request flag field bits TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  18. Figure 24.7Registration reply format TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  19. Note: A registration request or reply is sent by UDP using the well-known port 434. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  20. Figure 24.8Data transfer TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  21. Note: The movement of the mobile host is transparent to the rest of the Internet. TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  22. 24.4 INEFFICIENCY IN MOBILE IP Communication involving mobile IP can be inefficient. A severe case is called double crossing or 2X. A moderate case is called triangle routing or dog-leg routing. The topics discussed in this section include: Double Crossing Triangle Routing Solution TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  23. Figure 24.9Double crossing TCP/IP Protocol Suite

  24. Figure 24.10Triangle routing TCP/IP Protocol Suite

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