Teaching Text Structure

1. TeachingText Structure Features and Organization

2. Why Text Structure? • Why is it important that readers can recognize and understand text structures? (Besides that it’s on the state assessment!)

3. Pencils Down!Analyze the following image. You will be asked to reproduce this in a moment…

5. You have one minute to DRAW!!

7. You have one minute to DRAW!!

8. Reflect and Discuss • Which picture was easier to recall and draw? • Why?

9. Try to remember this number! 17766024365911

10. Write the number from memory!

11. Let’s try again but think . . . • American Revolution/ Declaration of Independence • Minutes/hours/days • Emergency

12. 17766024365911 1776 60-24-365 911

13. Well… • What does this have to do with READING?

14. The better a reader understands text structures, the higher the comprehension.

15. Understanding text structures is the KEY to unlocking expository text!!

16. What is Text Structure? How information in a passage is organized We will study sixcommon patterns: • Chronological • Cause and Effect • Compare and Contrast • Problem and Solution • Sequence / Process • Spatial / Descriptive

17. Chronological Information is organized in order of time. Chrono = time Logic = order Example Jack and Jill ranup the hill to fetcha pail of water. Jack fell down and broke his crown. Jill came tumbling after. ALL stories are told chronologically.

18. Chronological Met Girl Fell in Love Moved Away Born in 1882 Married in 1906 Died in 1948

19. Cause and Effect An action and its results are explained. Cause Effect Students did not learnthe material. They performed poorly on the test. • Don’t confuse with chronological. • Won’t have a beginning, middle, and end.

20. Cause and Effect Explains reasons why something happened. Text is not telling the story of a dog. Not feeding it. Many Karate Schools Opened. Not petting it. why the dog ran away Nunchuck sales Increased 400% Lots of Karate Movies in 60’s Not loving it. Hospital cases went up.

21. Compare and Contrast Tells how two things are similar and different. Apples & Oranges Alike Different 1. Both are fruits. 1. People don’t eat orange skins. 2. Both have skin. 2. Oranges have more juice.

22. CountryCity bears buildings trees Compare and Contrast Compare= find Contrast= find similarities differences Shows what’s in common and what’s different. tractor limo

23. Sequence / Process Writing Information is listed step-by-step. Explains how to do it or how it happens. 4. Flip omelet. Don’t confuse with chronological! 3. Cook onone side. 2. Add cheese. Does not occur at a specific time. 1. Crack a few eggs.

24. Sequence / Order of Importance Steps described in the order they occur. Get bread Tighten Laces Open jars Tie Loops Together Spread peanut butter Make Two Loops Spread jelly Combine slices Put on Shoe Enjoy. Does not take place at any specific point in time.

25. Tips to Identify • Ask, “what is the author doing in this paragraph?” Put it in your own words. • Have a hunch? Use the graphic organizer to see if the info fits. • Look for signal words.

26. Practice • Read the paragraph • Identify the text structure • Write it down.

27. Popular Sports Football and baseball are two of the most popular sports in the country. They have many things in common. For one, they are both team sports, and they both require players to advance to an end or “home” point on the playing field. However, football requires players to carry the ball to the end zone, whereas in baseball, it is the defending team that controls the ball while it is in play. ANSWER: COMPARE AND CONTRAST

28. DeviledEggs Pop out (remove) the egg yolks to a small bowl and mash with a fork. Add mayonnaise, mustard powder, vinegar, salt and pepper and mix thoroughly. Fill the empty egg white shells with the mixture and sprinkle lightly with paprika. Cover lightly with plastic wrap and refrigerate for up to one day before serving. ANSWER: SEQUENCE

29. HOW TOUSE THE MICROSCOPE • Plug in the lamp. • Place a sample of what you wish to observe on a slide. • Adjust the mirror so it reflects light from the room up into the objective lens. • Place your slide with the specimen directly over the center of the glass circle on the stage. • With the LOW POWER objective lens placed over the slide, use the coarse focus knob. • Look through the eyepiece with one eye while closing the other eye. • Use the fine focus knob to fine ANSWER: SEQUENCE

30. Peanut Butter and Jelly After a long day at school, I came home and watched “Cops,” my favorite show. During the commercial breaks, I got up and made a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. I took the bread out of the cabinet, spread the jelly and peanut butter on the bread, and stuck the two pieces together. I enjoyed that sandwich as I watched the rest of “Cops.” ANSWER: CHRONOLOGICAL

31. Citygrowth In recent decades, cities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth’s population lives in urban areas. There are several reasons for this occurrence. First, the increasing industrialization of the nineteenth century resulted in the creation of many factory jobs, which tended to be located in cities. These jobs, with their promise of a better material life, attracted many people from rural areas. Second, there were many schools established to educate the children of the new factory laborers. The promise of a better education persuaded many families to leave farming communities and move to the cities. Finally, as the cities grew, people established places of leisure, entertainment, and culture, such as sports stadiums, theaters, and museum. For many people, these facilities made city life appear more interesting than life on the farm, and therefore drew them away from rural communities. ANSWER: CAUSE AND EFFECT

32. THANK YOU • QUESTIONS?