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ENGINEERING COMPUTING CENTER LINUX workshop

ENGINEERING COMPUTING CENTER LINUX workshop. WHAT WILL BE COVERED. UNIX/Linux Overview Red Hat Enterprise Linux How to Login Password Reset Applications Command Line Change Password Shell Commands and Create Text Files Linux File-system Hierarchy File Permissions

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ENGINEERING COMPUTING CENTER LINUX workshop

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  1. ENGINEERING COMPUTING CENTER LINUX workshop

  2. WHAT WILL BE COVERED • UNIX/Linux Overview • Red Hat Enterprise Linux • How to Login • Password Reset • Applications • Command Line • Change Password • Shell Commands and Create Text Files • Linux File-system Hierarchy • File Permissions • Remote Access & File Transfer • Security & ECC Policies

  3. UNIX overview • UNIX was developed in 1969 at Bell Labs. Originally used as a workbench for programmers to develop new software for testing. • Main Functions of UNIX: • - High performance • - Resource Sharing • - Multi-User Access • - Programming and Software Development

  4. Flavors of unix

  5. UNIX distributions • Open Source: • Linux, Minix, FreeBSD, OpenSolaris • Open & Closed Source: • Android • Closed Source: • MacOS X, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX

  6. LINUX • Linus Torvalds developed the Linux kernel in 1991. • Collaborated with the GNU Project in 1992, to create the first free operating system for the public. • Many distrubutions of Linux include Debian, Fedora, Mandriva, SUSE, Slackware, and Android • Most distributions are free for use, some are NOT

  7. Advantages of a Linux OS? • Hardware/Software • High Compatibility • Resource Allocation/Sharing • Flexibility • Security • Very fewViruses • Encryption • Dynamic Firewall • Choice • Complete Control • Open Source Software • Scripting and Automation • Experimentation

  8. RED HAT ENTERPRISE LINUX 6 • Originally Released in 2003 • Mainly used as enterprise level server OS • Trademark and Support areNOTfree • CentOS and Scientific Linux are free rebuilds

  9. Centos 6 • http://www.centos.org/ • A free, community supported enterprise OS. • Exact replica of RedHat Enterprise Linux

  10. HOW TO LOGIN • OPEN X-WIN 32 FROM START MENU • CONFIGURE X-WIN 32: • - New Connection “Manual” • Choose ‘XDMCP’ • ‘General’ tab • Connection Name: tuxedo • XDMCP mode: Query • HOST: tuxedo.egr.uh.edu • Hit ‘Save’ • Hit ‘Launch’ • USE ECC UNIX ACCOUNT TO LOGIN

  11. RESET PASSWORD (online) • GO TO: http://www.uh.edu/infotech/ • Click “Password Reset” • Choose the box “I need to reset a password that is not listed here” • Enter security information • Click “Reset”

  12. NAGIVATE THE GUI (GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE) • Applications • - accessories • - word processing • - system tools • - command line (terminal) • Places • - Home folder • - subdirectories • - search for files • System • - Preferences • - Administration Utilities • - System Documentation

  13. APPLICATIONS • Firefox • - web browser • Libre Office • - Open source version of Microsoft Word, Excel, Powerpoint • Terminal • - command line shell prompt • - faster than GUI • Text Editors • - EMACS • - VI/ VIM/ NANO (command line)

  14. Class software location • Located: • /usr/local • MATLAB, Abacus, Fluent, Cadence, Comsol, etc…

  15. ACCESS THE COMMAND LINE PROMPT • Applications  System tools  Terminal • Fully text based command prompt • Shell prompt • [ username@<hostname> <current working directory>] $

  16. USING SIMPLE SHELL COMMANDS • Navigation: • ls – list directory contents • ls –l - view files and permissions • pwd – print, current working directory • cd – change directory • cd <directory path> • Ex. • cd /home/user • Copying, Moving, and Deleting • cp – copy files and directories • cp <file source> <file destination> • mv – move or rename file • mv <file source> <file destination> • touch – make basic text files • touch <file name> • mkdir – create a directory • mkdir <directory file path> • rm – delete file or directory (can be destructive) • rm <file path> • rmdir – delete directory (empty directory) • rmdir <file path>

  17. SHELL COMMANDS (continued) • Search commands: • find – search for files • Find <sourse directory> -name <name of file or directory> -print • Documentation: • man – manual pages • man <command or application> • Change File Permissions: • chown – change file owner and group • chownowner:group <file path> • chgrp <groupname> <file path> • chmod – change file mode and permissions • chmod <permission number> <filepath> • Read = 4 • Write =2 • Execute = 1 • System commands: • top – shows current processes that are running • df –h: show the file system disk space usage • w – shows who is logged on to the system • uptime – see date, load average, and # of users • uname –a : to see current OS version and computer hostname • Network Statistics • Ifconfig – network card information • netstat –rn: see IP routing information

  18. Change password (command Line) • New password format: mmddyy<last initial>! • Type command in prompt to reset: • yppasswd • Will prompt for old password • Password Rules: • Minimum 8 characters. • At lease one Capital Letter • At least one Special char @#&%!

  19. Create & EDITING TEXT FILES • VIM • vim <edit file name or new file create> • NANO • Nano <file> • EMACS • GUI text editor

  20. Linux File-system Hierarchy

  21. FILE PERMISSIONS • drwxrwxrwx • First character: • d = directory (blue) • l = symbolic link (cyan) • ‘-’ = a file (white) • rwx permissions: • R = read • W = write • X = execute • First set: owner • Second set: group • Third set: everyone

  22. REMOTE ACCESS • Ssh – Secure Shell client • Aprogram used for “shell” access to a remote system. • Login using UNIX/Linux terminal (shell), or through “PUTTY” • Use ECC UNIX account info to login • PUTTY (for Windows Use) • - free application • - allows shell logins from a windows desktop

  23. Remote access (cont) • SSH from PUTTY: • Open PUTTY app from Windows • Type the hostname or IP of destination • Port is always 22 • Enter ECC-UNIX user ID, and password • If successful, user command prompt will be shown • SSH from another terminal (shell): • Type command: ssh <username>@<hostname>

  24. file Transfer • WinSCP: • Transfer files from Windows to • Linux and vice versa • Installation located • in “software download” on Access UH • Login: • - Open WinSCP program • - Enter user credentials, click login

  25. SECURTIY & ECC POLICIES • ECC website • http://ecc.egr.uh.edu/engineering-computing-center-policies • ECC Usage Policy • http://ecc.egr.uh.edu/sites/ecc.egr.uh.edu/files/files/cce_policy_computing.pdf

  26. Security • DO NOT, give anyone your password • DO NOT, let anyone use your ECC-UNIX account • All activity is being tracked and logged, including command history. • Report any suspicious activity to either Kiet Luong or Zain Marvi • Kiet Luong Zain Marvi • Engineering IT Director System Administrator 1 • Information Security Officer Email: zhmarvi@central.uh.edu • Email: KDLuong@Central.UH.EDU

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