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Cargo Smoke Incident During Approach to Philadelphia: Critical Findings and Recommendations

On approach to Philadelphia International Airport, a cargo aircraft experienced an in-flight smoke incident after the first officer noted an abnormal smell. Following a detailed timeline, smoke filled the cockpit upon landing, leading to an emergency evacuation via the left forward door. This incident raised significant concerns regarding in-flight fire and smoke management, certification issues for detection systems, and emergency protocols. Key stakeholders have been identified, and new guidelines are being proposed to enhance safety measures, particularly concerning hazardous materials like lithium batteries.

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Cargo Smoke Incident During Approach to Philadelphia: Critical Findings and Recommendations

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  1. Accident Summary • Cargo smoke warning during approach to PHL • Smoke filled cockpit after landing • Crew evacuated via slide at left forward (L1) door • Major fire damage to airplane and cargo

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  3. Location of Cargo Upper Cargo Compartment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 31 32 33 34 Lower Cargo Compartments (empty) (empty)

  4. Event Timeline • 2334 – First officer noted abnormal smell • 2335 – Flight engineer (F/E) checked aft of cockpit • 2336 to 2354 – Captain and F/E continued to troubleshoot, smell subsided • 2355 – Cargo Smoke warning light illuminated • 2356 – Lower Cargo Fire warning light illuminated • 2359 – Airplane landed, smoke began entering cockpit

  5. Key Issues • In-flight fire and smoke procedures • Certification requirements for fire and smoke detection systems • Fire suppression systems • Aircraft and rescue firefighting training • Cargo airplane emergency exits • Dissemination of hazmat information • Transport of lithium batteries

  6. Airplane Operating Manual Checklists • Crew troubleshooting based on four checklists • No checklist for unalerted indication of smoke or fire • Fume evacuation efforts might have degraded situation

  7. Industry Initiative on SFF Checklists • Inadequate guidance for unalerted smoke, fire, and fumes events • Canadian Safety Board recommendations led to industry task force 2004-2005 • New guidelines and checklist template proposed • New checklists being adopted by manufacturers

  8. Parties to the Investigation • Federal Aviation Administration • United Parcel Service Company • Independent Pilots Association • Boeing Aircraft Company • City of Philadelphia • Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration

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