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Plant Propagation

Plant Propagation. Remember when you did this?. Now people do this. History of Propagation. Ancient peoples Middle ages Herbals Victorians. Sexual Propagation. Flower parts. Seeds are Formed by….

joseph-collins
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Plant Propagation

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  1. Plant Propagation Remember when you did this?

  2. Now people do this.

  3. History of Propagation • Ancient peoples • Middle ages • Herbals • Victorians

  4. Sexual Propagation Flower parts

  5. Seeds are Formed by… Pollination:The transfer of pollen from the anthers to the female stigma by a pollinating agent such as wind, insects, birds, bats, or in a few cases the opening of the flower itself. Fertilization: The fusion of two gametes (sperm and ovum) to produce a zygote that develops into a new individual with a genetic heritage derived from both parents.

  6. Pollinators

  7. Seeds- A packaged plant surrounded by endosperm (food) and protective seed coat Germination of a Bean Seed Check for seed viability!

  8. Spores- A reproductive unit found on ferns, mosses, and mushrooms Sporangia in sori Underside of pinnae

  9. Asexual or Vegetative Propagation • Leaf Cuttings and Leaf-bud Cuttings • Stem Cuttings • Root Cuttings • Division • Layering • Tip Layering • Air Layering • Grafting • Bulbs, Corms, Rhizomes, Tubers, Stolons

  10. Leaf Cuttings- Use only the leaf Vein cutting from leaf African violet RememberPolarity or which way is up! Leaf Section Cutting

  11. Stem Cuttings- Use the stem and leaves or just the stem. Cuttings should be 6-10” long & between nodes Dibble, then placecutting in soil

  12. Root, Cane Cuttings- Uses roots or shoots Blackberry root Cane cutting Stokesia Root

  13. Bulbs- Specialized roots and stems • Bulbs- Underground organ with scales and basal plate • 1. Tunicate- onion, garlic, daffodil, tulip • 2. Non-Tunicate- Lily

  14. Corms- Specialized roots and stems • Corms-Swollen base of stem axis- Solid- • Gladiolus, • Crocus Gladioluscorm with bulblets

  15. Rhizomes, Tubers, Stolons Dahlia tuber Iris rhizome Stolon Potato Tuber

  16. Division- To separate a clump into individual plants-Used for perennials and some houseplants Separate roots to find individual plants and plant Clean off root ball Dig up Mother Plant Photos from Garden Gate Magazine

  17. Layering- Growing new plants while attached to the mother plant. They are later separated. Air layering Ground layering

  18. Grafting and Budding- Used to attach one plant to the other for strength or variety Bud-grafting Whip Grafting

  19. How can I propagate my bulbs? • Tunicate Bulbs • Cuttage (8 Sections) • Scooping • Scoring • Coring • Sectioning (5-10) • Non-tunicate Bulbs Bulb Scales

  20. When to propagate • Late spring and early summer= optimal growing time • Depends ontype of cutting • Need to check resources for specific plants. Each one may have an optimal time • Some seeds need to go through stratificationorperiod of cold to break dormancy • Some seeds need to be scarifiedor scratched

  21. Propagation Environment • Aerial Environment • Humidity • Light • Temperature • Air quality • Growing Medium • Moisture level • Temperature • Aeration • pH • Nutrient level

  22. Equipment and Hygiene- Keep everything clean so disease is not spread Pruning knife Hand cutters Sterilize all toolswith alcohol afteruse! Watering Can Liners and Light

  23. Soil • Purpose of soil • Larger particles (sand) holds plant in place • Smaller particles hold water and nutrients • Ingredients in soil • Vermiculite= Holds moisture • Perlite= Increases aeration • Peat=Moisten –Helps stop decomposition • Sand=Drainage • Sphagnum Moss= Holds water well, light in weight • Recipes and proportions vary depending on plant!

  24. When can I plant it? • Gently tug on the cutting to see if your plant has developed a good root system • Repot in larger pot if necessary

  25. Have fun and enjoy your new plants!

  26. What does propagate mean? • Latin propagatus, past participle of propagareto set slips, propagate, from propagesslip, offspring, • pro-before + pangereto fasten Date: circa 1570

  27. How Do Stem Cuttings Work? • How roots develop • Response to wounding-dedifferentiation • Cells begin to divide • Callus begins to form • Certain cells begin to divide and initiate root development

  28. How do leaf cuttings grow? • Origins of roots and shoots varies • Embryonic cells are involved in meristematic activity • Compounds trigger growth of roots and shoots Root apical meristematic tissue of onion Shoot apical meristematic tissue

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