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Nerve & Muscle Physiology

Nerve & Muscle Physiology. Rahul Dave’ Rdave2@uic 9/6/2002. Lecture 1. How can a solution be hyperosmotic, but isotonic? What is the function of cholesterol in membranes? Questions on other topics …. Lecture 2. Nernst Eqn: Permeability: The Hodgkin Cycle Questions???. Lecture 3.

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Nerve & Muscle Physiology

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  1. Nerve & Muscle Physiology Rahul Dave’ Rdave2@uic 9/6/2002

  2. Lecture 1 • How can a solution be hyperosmotic, but isotonic? • What is the function of cholesterol in membranes? • Questions on other topics …

  3. Lecture 2 • Nernst Eqn: • Permeability: • The Hodgkin Cycle • Questions???

  4. Lecture 3 • What affects conduction velocity • How does a membrane get depolarized? • Ionotropic vs Metabotropic receptors • Questions???

  5. The Autonomic Nervous System

  6. ANS continued • Remember  constrict,  dilate: (general) • Sympathetic: Epi, but Norepi controls BP. • 1 = heart, 2 = lung (1 heart, 2 lungs).

  7. Even more ANS … • Sympathetic Responses • Parasympathetic Responses • Pupils, HR, Micturition/Defecation • Mike Broman’s ANS review: http://www.geocities.com/mbroma1/Physio1.htm

  8. Lecture 7 • Hypertrophy vs Hyperplasia • Smooth vs Striated muscle • Questions????

  9. Lecture 7: The Bands

  10. Lecture 8 • Size principle • Large vs small motor units • The crossbridge cycle • Questions???

  11. Lecture 9 • Skeletal vs. Cardiac muscle • Length-Tension relationship • Questions???

  12. Lecture 10 Preload: The force (load) a muscle exerts prior to contraction. Pre-contraction load Afterload: Force muscle exerts during contraction. After [the start of] contraction load

  13. Lecture 11 • Oxygen Debt: Consume first, make later • ATP > Creatine-P > lactate prod > Aerobic • Due to Cori cycle • Lactate formed in muscle • Converted to glucose in liver

  14. Fiber Types

  15. Resting Membrane Potential Inside outside Permeability Na 40 500 10 K 100 1 1

  16. LEVER MECHANICS A muscle generates 60 grams to lift a 10 gram object. The total length of the lever arm is 42 inches. How far from the joint is the insertion of the muscle? (10/60) x 42in = 7 in

  17. POWER AND WORK To complete 1 revolution on a bicycle, 50 Newtons of force must be used. Each revolution covers 2 meters. During a 10 minute exercise, an individual maintains 100 rev/min. (1)     W = Fxd = 50 x (100x10x2) = 100,000 J(2)     P = W/t = 100000 J/600s = 167 W

  18. VELOCITY AND LEVERAGE The biceps is 30 cm long and 5 cm away from the elbow. The distance between the hand and elbow is 25 cm. The speed of the biceps is 6 musclelengths per second; the speed of the hand is approximately … Biceps moves 6x30 = 180 cm/sec.The hand moves 25/5 = 5 times as fast as the joint180 cm/sec x 5 = 900 cm/sec

  19. Efficiency Calculations A 70-kg individual does 20 pullups, lifting his body weight 1 meter each time. In doing so, he consumes 4 liters of O2. Baseline is 400 ml of O2/min. Total exercise time is 5 mins. What is his gross and net mechanical efficiency.

  20. Answer … W = mgh = (70 x 9.8 x 1) x 20 reps = 13.7 kJ = 13.7/4.186 = 3.3 kCal Total E = 4 x 4.8 = 19.2 kCal Net E = (4 – 0.4x5) x 4.8 = 9.6 kCal Gross Efficiency = W/E = 3.3/19.2 = 17% Net Efficiency = 3.3/9.6 = 34%

  21. Don’t forget to … • Do the TLEs and Mallard (may have mistakes) • Make sure you know the question sheet • The exam will be taken from the handouts

  22. Good Luck!!!!

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