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Chapter 3 Classification

Chapter 3 Classification. classification. Taxonomy - the study of ________. Why classify things?. Organize. Categorize. Order. No. Yes. :. Invertebrate. Vertebrate. mammal. bird. reptile. amphibian. fish. History of Classification. Small (grasses). Aristotle. Plants.

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Chapter 3 Classification

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  1. Chapter 3 Classification classification Taxonomy - the study of ________

  2. Why classify things? Organize Categorize Order

  3. No Yes

  4. : Invertebrate Vertebrate mammal bird reptile amphibian fish

  5. History of Classification Small (grasses) Aristotle Plants Medium (shrubs) Large (trees) Animals 350 B.C. Air Land Sea

  6. Linneaus 1750 • Grouped living things into “kingdoms” • Grouped things by their physical traits • Gave all living things a two-part name…binomial nomenclature. • “two-term name” Plant kingdom Animal kingdom

  7. Pennsylvania USA Holland 2002 Rock Way

  8. Each KINGDOM is further classified into more specific groups, much like addresses are organized into smaller categories.

  9. KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES

  10. Human Classification Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Animal Multi-cellular consumers Chordate backbone Mammal Milk-producing hairy Opposable digits, Bipedal Stereoscopic vision Primate Hominid Bigger brain, tool making, Homo “wise man” sapien

  11. Research the following

  12. Similarities in structure and DNA Humans and chimpanzees DNA are 98% similar All are mammals

  13. Scientific name Is an animal’s Genus (Evereadii) and its species (eatibus)

  14. Binomial Nomenclature A two-part naming system Homo sapien Common name: Human Common name: Dog Canis familiaris Pantera tigris Common name: Tiger Elephas maximus Common name: Elephant

  15. The 5 kingdom system ANIMAL PLANT FUNGUS BACTERIA PROTIST

  16. Animal Kingdom multi-cellular cells have a nucleus * Eukaryotic consumers mobility

  17. Plant Kingdom producers multicellular cells have a nucleus * Eukaryotic cell wall • made of cellulose

  18. Fungus Kingdom • Except for YEAST which is unicellular multicellular cells have a nucleus * Eukaryotic Feeds by absorbing its surroundings • Decomposer cell wall • made of chitin

  19. Monera Kingdom (Bacteria) unicellular No nucleus * Prokaryotic producer and consumer cell wall • made of peptidoglycan

  20. Protist Kingdom • some algae are multicellular most are unicellular Producer (Plant-like) or Consumer (Animal-like) cells have a nucleus * Eukaryotic mobility

  21. Dichotomous key A tool used to determine the identity of an organism • a. Wings covered by a hard covering (exoskeleton)…….go to 2 • b. Wings not covered by exoskeleton…….go to 3 • a. Body is round shape…… • b. Body is elongated…… Lady bug Grasshopper Housefly • a. Wings point toward the back……… • b. Wings point toward the sides….. Go to 4 • a. Wings are large and broad……. • b. Wings are long and thin…... Butterfly Dragonfly

  22. Questions What traits were used by Aristotle to classify animals? Why is this considered a poor method by today’s standards? Name the major classification groups, from largest to smallest? What is binomial nomenclature? Why is it used (i.e. why use Latin names?) What are the five kingdoms? Are humans more closely related to a mouse or a chicken? Explain. List two ways how plants and animals are different and similar. What characteristic is exclusive to bacteria? If you discovered an organism with a cell wall, which kingdom would you know it does NOT belong to? If you discovered animal that closely resembled a human, what Class and Order would it likely belong? Which is the largest group? Order, Genus, or Family.

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