Essential Network Set-Up and Distribution for Efficient Communication

1. Network Set up and Distribution By Vanessa Winnecke

2. Network Topologies • BUS – daisy chain network • Ring – daisy chain uses tokens to distribute data from one node to the next node. • Star – Hub at the center of several nodes • Star Bus – most commonly used, segmentation to avoid congestion • Token Ring • Fiber Distributed Data Interface • Asynchronous Transfer Mode

3. Networking Devices • Repeaters – Hears a signal and rewrites it, or repeats it to other segments • Bridges – regulate traffic, connect two or more network segments • Routers – logical segmentation • Switches – switched Ethernet, packet switching • Full duplex Ethernet – two way transmit • Ethernet or 802.3?

4. OSI Reference Model Transport Set • Layer 4 – Transport, maintains flow control • Layer 3 – Network, routers use IP • Layer 2 – Data, switches use MAC address translation • Layer 1 – Physical, the hardware Often protocol stacks combine one or more of the OSI Layers.

5. Spanning Tree Protocol

6. Building a Spanning Tree • Graph • Ordered pair G = (V,E) • Nodes (V) • Edges (E) • Function of a spanning tree • Layer 2 vs physical layer loops • Broadcast radiation – prevention of, wiring topology • DOS attack

7. Protocol Operation – break the loops of the LAN • Select a bridge root. • Determine the least cost paths to the root bridge • Cost of traversing a path, technologies • Determine the least cost path from each bridge • Root Port • Determine the least cost path from each network segment • Designated Port • Disable all other root paths • Blocked Port • Account for the possibility of Ties

8. Spanning Tree

9. Questions