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How To Do an A. P.

How To Do an A. P. D. B. Q. The Introductory Paragraph. 4-6 sentences. The Introductory Paragraph. Establish TIME & PLACE . Create a clear, THESIS STATEMENT . State the SUB-TOPICS or categories you will discuss to support your thesis statement

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How To Do an A. P.

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  1. How To Do an A. P. D B Q

  2. The Introductory Paragraph 4-6 sentences

  3. The Introductory Paragraph • EstablishTIME & PLACE. • Create a clear,THESIS STATEMENT. • State theSUB-TOPICSor categories you will discuss to support your thesis statement • Focus on the question at hand—do NOT begin with a “flowery” sentence!

  4. The Body Paragraphs 8-12 sentences+ per paragraph

  5. The Body Paragraphs • Identify your sub-topic or category in the first sentence. • Include the documents that are relevant to support the ideas in the paragraph. • Use a majority of the documents given • Be sure to indicate Point-of-View(POV)/bias. • Bring in supportive outside information if you are able. • Why were these documents selected?

  6. Questions to Ask Yourself About the Documents • Attribution Who is this person? • Why might they be significant? • What is the point of view (POV) of the author? • How reliable and accurate is the source? • What is the tone or intent of the document author? • What other information does this document call to mind? Use all available clues. Remember, docs. can be used in a variety of ways!

  7. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias • Attribution:cite the author by name, title, or position, if possible. Why is this person and document selected? How does it help me answer the question?

  8. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias Person X says Y because Z

  9. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias EXAMPLES: Michael Donnelly, a Deer Creek coach, disagreed with the call because it cost his team the game. A French peasant living in Paris said“down with the Old Regime” because from his perspective the aristocracy was responsible for his suffering.

  10. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias • Authorial Point of View:you show awareness that the gender, occupation, class, religion, nationality, political position or ethnic identity of the author could influence his/her views. How does this apply to the question? Why has the author written what he/she has?

  11. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias EXAMPLE: BalthasarRusow, a Lutheran pastor, was naturally upset by the celebration of a Saint’s Day, since Lutherans don’t venerate saints.

  12. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias • Reliability and accuracy of each source referenced:you examine a source for its reliability and accuracy by questioning if the author of the document would be in a position to be accurate. How might this help you answer the question?

  13. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias EXAMPLE: Niccolo Machiavelli’s book on the political tactics of a Renaissance prince can be considered accurate as he observed the behavior of a Florentine prince for many years.

  14. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias • Tone or Intent of the Author:you examine the text of a document to determine its tone (satire, irony, indirect commentary, etc.) or the intent of the author. Especially useful for visual documents, like art work or political cartoons.

  15. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias EXAMPLE: In his great sculpture of “David,” Michelangelo wanted to convey the confidence, and even arrogance, of Renaissance Florence at the peak of its cultural influence in 16c Europe.

  16. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias • Grouping of Docs. by Author:you show an awareness that certain types of authors, simply by their authorship, will express similar views when you group documents by type of author.

  17. Demonstrating (POV) / Bias EXAMPLE: As Northern Renaissance humanists, Erasmus and Sir Thomas More both poked fun at the scandals of late medieval society as well as of their own.

  18. How to Reference a Document in Your Essay • Baldassare Castiglione, in The Handbook of the Courtier, said: “………………….” (Doc. 4). • Erasmus of Rotterdam, a northern Christian humanist, agreed with… (Doc. 7). • The 19c historian, Jacob Burkhardt, felt that …………………(Doc. 9). NEVER begin with: In Document 3, …..

  19. The Concluding Paragraph 3-4 sentences

  20. The Concluding Paragraph • Restate your thesis statement a bit differently. • Put your essay answer in a larger historical perspective…but never introduce new information that you are using to try and prove your thesis. End of some trend/movement/idea, etc. Beginning of some trend/movement/idea, etc. End of one & beginning of another. Do NOT end on the note that this is the reason we are where we are today!

  21. Speaker Occasion Audience Purpose Subject Bias Attribution Reliability Tone

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